Question 1. The raisin-bread dough analogy is often used to present a mental picture of
black holes
the expanding universe
spiral galaxies
elliptical galaxies
the steady state universe

Question 2. Organisms that have lived in the past but have disappeared forever from the Earth are said to be
hibernating
extinct
evolved
naturally-adapted
artificially selected

Question 3. Which of the following is found in a fossil record?
documented changes in a species
all fossils found, catalogued, and analyzed since the early sixteenth century
10,000 unique phyla
more reptiles than insects
all of these are correct

Question 4. The longest geologic era is the
Proterozoic
Paleozoic
Mesozoic
Cambrian
Cenozoic

Question 5. A fossil is
any single-celled form of life
a structure that is no longer important for survival
any structure that helps an organism survive
a stone replica of a once-living organism
any extinct cyanobacterium

Question 6. This individual conducted experiments involving the origin of life on the early Earth
William Schopf
Luis Alvarez
Stanley Miller
Alfred Wallace
Walter Alvarez

Question 7. What were the first three elements formed in the Big Bang?
hydrogen, lithium, and helium
hydrogen, oxygen, and helium
helium, oxygen, and carbon
carbon, oxygen, and deuterium
helium, oxygen, lithium

Question 8. The mechanism for evolution of living organisms as proposed by Darwin is
artificial selection
extinction
natural selection
genetic mutation
DNA reorganization

Question 9. What piece of evidence do scientists now compare to prove humans and chimpanzees are close relatives?
physical features
behavior
DNA strands
food preferences
the cell protein cytochrome C

Question 10. An object whose gravitational field is so strong that nothing can escape is
a supercluster
a void
a black hole
a quasar
a pulsar

Question 11. The most recent "freezing" of the universe involved the creation of
nuclei.
atoms.
elementary particles.
quarks.
molecules.

Question 12. Punctuated equilibrium is a theory of evolution that states that
some species of organisms never change
evolutionary changes usually occur in short bursts, separated by long periods of stability
all species live only a certain number of years, punctuated by extinction
all animals evolve at the same rate
not all organisms follow the same rules of natural selection

Question 13. The hard outer skeleton characteristic of crabs, lobsters, and grasshoppers appeared during this period.
Cenozoic
Proterozoic
Paleozoic
Cambrian
Mesozoic