Question 1 of 40

How did the work of Heinrich Schliemann at Troy transform our understanding of early Greek civilization?

A. He found the Cretan Minoan civilization.

B. He proved it was much less sophisticated than previously thought.

C. He showed that Mycenae was destroyed by war.

D.He showed that the Iliad and Odyssey were based on a historical past.

Question 2 of 40

Entering the Iranian plateau, the Medes and Persians were part of what larger migration?

A. Neo-Babylonians

B. Sea Peoples

C. Indo-Europeans

D. Assyrian

Question 3 of 40

The single god worshiped by Zoroastrians is called:

A. Ahura Mazda.

B. Ahriman.

C. Zoroaster.

D. Avesta.

Question 4 of 40

The Parthenon is a temple dedicated to:

A. Athena.

B. Zeus.

C. Poseidon.

D. Apollo.

Question 5 of 40

Which Greek city-state was known for its strong navy?

A. Sparta

B. Athens

C. Corinth

D. Thebes

Question 6 of 40

Which of the following does NOT accurately describe Persian society?

A. The Persians loved celebrations and festivals.

B. The Persians took great pride in their appearance.

C. The Persians enjoyed fine jewelry made of gold and silver.

D. The Persians preferred a simple, linear style of architecture.

Question 7 of 40

Which man codified Persian law in an attempt to place his reputation as a lawgiver on the same plane as that of King Hammurabi?

A. Cyrus

B. Cambyses

C. Darius

D. Xerxes
Question 8 of 40

Which of the following best describes the results of the Peloponnesian War?

A. Athens defeated the Persians and rose to prominence as the most powerful Greek polis.

B. Athens defeated Sparta and took control of the Delian and Spartan Leagues.

C. The Greeks basically destroyed each other and opened the door for conquest by the Macedonians.

D. The era of Athenian dominance was ended, and Sparta became the dominant force in Greece and eventually defeated the Macedonians.

Question 9 of 40

What was the main goal of Greek colonization in the Archaic Period?

A. Increasing the power of each city-states

B. Overcoming shortages of land for cultivation

C. Expanding trade

D. Finding a source of slaves

Question 10 of 40

Who were "the eyes and ears of the Great king"?

A. Priests

B. Persian nobles

C. Satraps

D. Cavalrymen

Question 11 of 40

How did Athenian democracy differ from today's perception of democracy?

A. Athenian democracy didn't include all citizens.

B. Athenian democracy ignored class distinction.

C. Athenian democracy included women in the political process.

D. Athenian democracy was economic as well as political.

Question 12 of 40

Which of the following best describes the connections between Persia and Mesopotamia?

A. The Persian emperors had no interest in Mesopotamia, as they viewed the inhabitants of that region as infidels.

B. The Persians were most influenced by the Mesopotamian culture in the area of religion.

C. In areas such as law, government administration, and society, Persia was significantly influenced by Mesopotamia.

D. The relationship between Persia and Mesopotamia was adversarial in nature because Mesopotamia continually rebelled against Persian domination.

Question 13 of 40

The language of the Persians is today known as:

A. Latin.

B. Farsi.

C. Greek.

D. Sanskrit.

Question 14 of 40

Alexander the Great was unable to conquer India because:

A. the Indian army proved to be too powerful.

B. Alexander's men staged a mutiny.

C. Alexander lost the will to fight after the death of his mother.

D. the Chinese army crossed the mountains and helped India fight.

Question 15 of 40

Which man unified the Persian tribes and eventually united the Medes and Persians?

A. Alexander the Great

B. Cyrus the Great

C. Xerxes

D. Darius

Question 16 of 40

How did the political systems in Athens and Sparta differ?

A. Athens didn't have hereditary kings; Sparta did.

B. Athens was not a military dictatorship; Sparta was.

C. Athens allowed women to vote; Sparta didn't.

D. Athens allowed all people to have a voice in the government; Sparta didn't.

Question 17 of 40

What was the goal of the Delian League?

A. Monopolizing Aegean trade

B. Defense against Persia

C. Defeat of Sparta

D. Alliance against Athens

Question 18 of 40

Which of the following statements about Aristotle is NOT true?

A. He laid the foundation for many of the science courses studied in schools today.

B. He was a poet and philosopher.

C. He was a leading Athenian dramatist.

D. In his later years he tutored Alexander the Great.

Question 19 of 40

Which people conquered the Seleucid kingdom and ruled in a manner similar to the Persians?

A. Macedonians

B. Ionians

C. Parthians

D. Romans

Question 20 of 40

Which of the following statements best represents Plato's attitude toward democracy?

A. It is the only logical choice for government in an educated society.

B. It is absurd because it gives power to the most popular instead of the educated.

C. It leads to political inequality, but this is a necessary evil.

D. It is the best form of government.

Question 21 of 40

Who issued a decree making Christianity the official religion of Rome?

A. Diocletian

B. Galerius

C. Theodosius

D. Constantine

Question 22 of 40

What was the role of Charles Martel, founder of the Carolingian dynasty?

A. He was mayor of the palace for the king of the Franks.

B. He was king of the Franks.

C. He was bishop of the Franks.

D. He was a Vandal who conquered the Franks.

Question 23 of 40

Roman women in the Republic did all of the following EXCEPT:

A. own property.

B. manage businesses.

C. serve as senators.

D. conduct monetary transactions.

Question 24 of 40

Which of the following territories was added to the Roman Empire during the reign of Hadrian?

A. Gaul

B. Egypt

C. Greece

D. Britain

Question 25 of 40

What is meant by the idea of papal primacy?

A. Popes are the spiritual descendants of Christ.

B. Only the popes can interpret the Bible.

C. Popes have authority over the whole Christian Church.

D. Popes have authority over the western church.

Question 26 of 40

Who crossed the Alps and invaded Italy with an army of elephants during the Second Punic War?

A. Augustus

B. Hannibal

C. Cicero

D. Julius Caesar

Question 27 of 40

What happened on the Ides of March, 44 B.C.E.?

A. The battle of Actium

B. The suicide of Antony

C. The formation of the Second Triumvirate

D. The murder of Caesar

Question 28 of 40

Where do we get our names for many of the days of the week?

A. German chiefs

B. Byzantine rules

C. Byzantine gods

D. German gods

Question 29 of 40

Which of the following statements concerning Roman law is NOT accurate?

A. Roman law distinguished between civil and criminal procedures.

B. Roman law aimed to achieve equity in resolving disputes.

C. Roman law was the foundation for international law.

D. Roman law applied to Roman citizens but not foreigners.

Question 30 of 40

On what subject did Peter and Paul disagree?

A. To whom did Jesus' message apply

B. Whether or not Jesus was the Messiah

C. Whether or not to spread the teachings of Jesus

D. The resurrection

Question 31 of 40

The perils of increased slave ownership were shown by a revolt led by a gladiator named:

A. Hannibal.

B. Sulla.

C. Spartacus.

D. Cassius.

Question 32 of 40

Which man divided the Roman Empire into two parts after concluding that it was too big for one man to rule alone?

A. Diocletian

B. Constantine

C. Justinian

D. Nero

Question 33 of 40

Which of the following statements about the early medieval nobility is NOT true?

A. A vassal could only have one lord.

B. Noble men were preoccupied with military duties.

C. Noble women were trained for marriage and motherhood.

D. Manors provided food for the nobles.

Question 34 of 40

How does the geography of Rome compare with that of Carthage?

A. Both were centrally located, but Carthage was a seaport city.

B. Both were centrally located, but Rome was closer to the coast.

C. Both were naturally vulnerable to naval assaults.

D. Both were naturally vulnerable to land based attacks.

Question 35 of 40

How did the Roman Empire differ from that created by Alexander?

A. It was created through peace, not conquest.

B. It was much less diverse.

C. It was much more stable.

D. It created no new cultural fusion.

Question 36 of 40

Who was known as "the scourge of God"?

A. Alaric the Goth

B. Attila the Hun

C. Kertanegara

D. Arius

Question 37 of 40

Which modern unit of measure derives from counting the steps of Roman soldiers?

A. The mile

B. The kilometer

C. The yard

D. The degree

Question 38 of 40

On Christmas Day, 800 CE, who crowned Charlemagne and named him "Charles Augustus"?

A. His father, Pepin

B. The pope

C. St. Benedict

D. Alaric the Goth

Question 39 of 40

Which of the following statements accurately portrays early Roman-German connections and conflicts?

A. The Romans fought the Germans but also hired many of them for service in the army.

B. The Romans largely ignored the Germans, unaware of the growing threat to the empire.

C. The Germans sought to avoid warfare with the Romans and often engaged in commerce with them.

D. The Germanic tribes fell under Roman domination early but eventually rebelled.

Question 40 of 40

What was the "struggle of the orders"?

A. A conflict between the emperor and Senate

B. A conflict between the patricians and plebeians

C. A conflict between the Latins and Etruscans

D. A conflict between Caesar and the Senate