Question 1: In the past, how did criminologists view crime victims?

• As an indirect role in a criminal incident.
• As merely the passive targets of a criminal's anger or greed.
• As fully responsible for the criminal incident.
• As an active role in the incident.

Question 2: Which of the following is considered an indirect or intangible cost of crime?

• Pain and suffering
• Legal defense costs
• The cost of psychological counseling
• The cost of the damaged property

Question 3: How many murders are committed each year in the United States?

• 15,000
• 90,000
• 115,000
• 1,000

Question 4: Victims of __________ crime are most deeply affected, fearing a repeat of their attack.

• Violent
• Antitrust
• Hate
• Property

Question 5: People who are crime victims are ___________ likely to commit crimes themselves.

• Less
• Equally
• Not
• More

Question 6: People living ___________ are more likely to be vandalized.

• On military bases
• In rural areas
• In suburban communities
• In cities

Question 7: Victim precipitation can be either:

• Scientific or empirical
• Active or passive
• Encouraged or discouraged
• Instigated or non-responsive

Question 8: Most crime victims are people who are simply in the wrong place at the wrong time.

• True
• False

Question 9: Crime victims are more likely than non-victims to commit crimes.

• True
• False

Question 10: Only adult victims are at risk for developing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

• True
• False