Q1. Why do the authors propose that marks only reflect academic achievement, and not other factors like effort or attitude? Could including factors like these in the marking data affect instructional decisions that need to be made? Explain.

Q2.Explain quantitative item analysis and qualitative item analysis. What are their benefits to learning and assessment? What are the risks to learning and assessment if these types of analyses are not administered? Finally, provide two examples of imperfect test items for your peers to qualitatively analyze. Explain why you think it is necessary for teachers to use a combination of both qualitative and quantitative item analysis.