Please answer the following questions in a response of 3-5 sentences.

Question 1

What was the most significant long-term impact of the Crusades in Western Europe? Justify your answer.

Question 2

Given the evidence discussed in class and covered in your textbook, why do you think the administrative structure of the Roman Empire collapsed?

Question 3

How did Diocletian and Constantine deal with the political, social, and economic problems of the Roman Empire inthe third and fourth centuries AD? To what extent were their reforms successful at restoring peace in the Empire?

Question 4

Describe the major lasting political and cultural accomplishments of the Carolingian Renaissance?

Question 5

How did the Struggle of the Orders in the 5th century BC change the relationship between patricians and plebians in ancient Rome?

Question 6

Although differences in doctrine had the potential to splinter the early Christian church into dozens of sects, a unity of belief and ritual was maintained by a ________.

single religious leader known as the pope
group of secret nuns
network of bishops
regular publication of current thought

Question 7

Who benefited most from Louis IX's neutral stance during the long struggle between the German Hohenstaufen emperor Frederick II and the papacy?

the papacy
Frederick II
Henry IV
Louis VII

Question 8

The Treaty of ________, signed in 1259, momentarily settled the dispute between France and England.

London
Newcastle
Paris
Geneva

Question 9

The key disputes between the eastern and western Christian churches concerned _______.

relations with Judaism
the nature of Christ
woman priests
opposition and support of monasticism

Question 10

The job of the royal executives, called ________, was to monitor the royal officials responsible for local governmental administration.

enquêteurs
baillis
paysans
prévôts

Question 11

The foundation of Cluny led to the emergence of which of these key principles of western culture?

the separation of church and state
papal supremacy
German aggression
the contemplative life

Question 12

A measure of the desperate straits of the Roman military in the third century was the use of ________ in the army.

slaves
donkeys
mercenaries
Parthians

Question 13

The Merovingian Dynasty was founded by the warrior chieftain ________.

Charlemagne
Clovis
Lothar
Merovich

Question 14

After Rome's destruction of Jerusalem, Christians congregated in ________.

Carthage
Constantinople
Judea
Rome

Question 15

"Augustus" was an honorific title meaning "________."

first citizen
ambitious
summer
venerated

Question 16

Which of the following movements stressed biblical simplicity in religion and a life of poverty in imitation of Christ?

Waldensians
Seljuk Turks
Beghards
Ottonians

Question 17

"Circuses" were named for their ________.

acrobatics
circular layout
clowns
24-hour duration

Question 18

Because he condemned idolatry and immorality, Muhammad was ________.

chased out of Medina
chased out of Mecca
forced to wear a hair shirt
removed as his people's leader

Question 19

A pervasive negative mood in the decades following the reign of Augustus is apparent in the ________ of the time, which was satirical and pessimistic.

dance
music
literature
architecture

Question 20

Which of the following was NOT a part of elite Roman women's lives?

divorce
contraception
literary groups
formal education
Fill in the blank

Question 21

When Carthage had the opportunity to occupy Sicily, which was close to the Italian peninsula, the Romans launched the first of three______.

Question 22

Leaders who appealed to the general populace were known as populares; those who supported the traditional role of the Senate were known as ____________.

Question 23

St. Cyril and his brother developed the Cyrillic alphabet, which was used for the written language of the____________.

Question 24

By 212 C.E. almost every free inhabitant of the Roman Empire was granted__________.

Question 25

Diocletian divided the empire into four parts, led by a quartet known as the____________.

Question 26

Rome borrowed mythology, aspects of religion, philosophy, and literature from the__________; educated Romans were expected to be bilingual.

Question 27

Four months after crowning Otto of Brunswick emperor,_________.

Question 28

Julius Caesar, Crassus, and Pompey formed a private political alliance known as the First_________.

Question 29

Henry I secured the imperial German borders by checking the invasions of the Hungarians and the__________.

Question 30

One of the requirements of Islam is a pilgrimage to Mecca to visit the___________a black meteorite that was worshipped by pagans and incorporated into Islamic practice.