PART 1

1. Liang QIchao was an influential thinker in China during the late Qing who had the opportunity to study abroad. In his discussion of his trip to America, what are some of his good and bad impressions of America?

2. How was Western science transformed in the twentieth century?

3. Why is twentieth-century art a mirror of twentieth-century science?

PART 2

1. How was the Enlightenment global in its ideas and effects?

2. How did the Encyclopedia promote Enlightenment? Why have Adam Smith's economic ideas been so influential?

3. How do ideas of the Enlightenment relate to the Declaration of Independence?

4. Although the speech by Frederick Douglas is after the Enlightenment, how does his speech relate to the Declaration of Independence (a document more closely related to the Enlightenment)?

PART 3

1. What were the sources of Spanish power in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries? Why was Spain unable to sustain its supremacy in Europe?

2. What were the strengths and weaknesses in the Ottoman and Safavid empires? What role did religion play in the Ottoman and Safavid empires?

3. Why were the Manchus able to conquer China? What significance did the Yangzhou massacre (source reading) play in this conquest? How did some people survive the massacre? What were some actions taken by Manchu soldiers?

4. How did the early Qing dynasty attempt to unite China?

5. In what ways did Japanese society change in the change in the seventeenth century?

6. How did slave communities in the Americas create autonomous institutions?

7. How did the slave trade affect African stated during this period?