Part 1: Motion and Energy

1. Energy is _______ when it's moved from one object to another.
A. created
B. conducted
C. lost
D. transferred

2. Which of the following is not part of testing a hypothesis?
A. Gathering evidence
B. Reasoning
C. Modeling
D. Collecting data

3. If you throw a 0.25-kg ball with a force of 20 N, what's the acceleration of the ball?
A. 80 m/s²
B. 40 m/s²
C. 5 m/s²
D. 12.5 m/s²

4. Which of the following best demonstrates the effect of static friction?
A. A person dropping a ball to the ground.
B. A person pushing a couch without being able to move it
C. A person pushing a couch and it slowly sliding across a floor
D. A person moving a ball through a stream of water

5. What's the net force acting on an 18-kg object if an acceleration of 3.0 m/s
A. 12 N
B. 54 N
C. 36 N
D. 6 N

6. If a 3-kg object has a momentum of 33 kg•m/s, what's its velocity?
is produced?
A. 9.1 m/s²
B. 36 m/s²
C. 11 m/s²
D. 99 m/s²

7. In scientific notation, the number 39,940,000,000 becomes
A. 3994 × 10⁷
B. 3.994 × 10^-10
C. 3.994 × 10¹⁰
D. 39.94 × 10⁹

8. What's the momentum of a 3.5-kg boulder rolling downhill at 5 m/s?
A. 14.3 kg•m/s
B. 17.5 km•m/s
C. 70 kg•m/s
D. 8.5 kg•m/s

9. If an object moves 40 m north, 40 m west, 40 m south, and 40 m east, what's the total displacement?
A. 80 m
B. 40 m
C. 0 m
D. 160 m

10. While pulling a bicycle out of the garage, you must pull it a total of 1.7 m with a force of 27 N. How much work are you doing on the bicycle?
A. 45.9 J
B. 25.3 J
C. 15.9 J
D. 6.3 J

11. Which of the following displays a noncontact force?
A. Typing on a keyboard
B. Hitting a golf ball onto a fairway
C. Opening a door
D. Two magnets pulling toward one another

12. Dave is riding on a straight path. After 5 s, his speed is 3.0 m/s. After 7 s, his speed is 5.0 m/s. After 10 s, his speed is 7.0 m/s. What was his acceleration from 5 s to 10 s?
A. 0.67 m/s²
B. 0.8 m/s²
C. 1.0 m/s²
D. 2.0 m/s²

13. Calculate the percent error if the experimental value of the density of copper is 21.2 g/cm and the accepted value is 22.1 g/cm
A. 4.25%
B. 4.07%
C. 4.02%
D. 4.19%

14. Which of the following simple machines is not properly identified?
A. Ramp: inclined plane
B. Screw: wheel and axle
C. Scissors: lever
D. Pizza cutter: wedge

15. Four forces are being applied to move an object to the left. Force 1 is pushing to the right at 200 N. Force 2 is pushing to the left at 500 N. Force 3 is pushing to the right at 100 N. Force 4 is pushing to the left at 50 N. What's the net force acting on this object?
A. 250 N
B. -250 N
C. 850 N
D. 0 N

16. Which of the following mammals can hear the largest range of sound frequency?
A. Bat
B. Porpoise
C. Beluga whale
D. Human

17. Which one of the following SI base units is not matched to the correct unit of measurement?
A. Temperature: K
B. Mass: kg
C. Time: s
D. Length: km

18. If a system requires 150 J of input work and produces 123 J of output work, what's its efficiency?
A. 82%
B. 92%
C. 72%
D. 122%

19. If one ball with a momentum of 50 kg•m/s hits a ball at rest and no other forces are acting on either ball, what's the total momentum of both balls after the collision?
A. 50 kg•m/s
B. 25 kg•m/s
C. 100 kg•m/s
D. 0 kg•m/s

20. Light has what range of wavelength?
A. 10 nm to 0.01 nm
B. 400 nm to 10 nm
C. 0.3 nm to 0.001 nm
D. 700 nm to 400 nm

Part 2- Interactions of Matter

1. If the thermometer reads 20° Celsius, what's the temperature in Fahrenheit?
A. 36°
B. 52°
C. 72°
D. 68°

2. Which of the following would be the best thermal conductor?
A. Rubber
B. Water
C. Metal
D. Cotton

3. Which of the following is not found in the nucleus of an atom?
A. Quark
B. Electron
C. Neutron
D. Proton

4. In a solution if substance A makes up 1%, substance B makes up 9%, substance C makes up 20% and substance D makes up 70%, which substance would generally function as the solvent?
A. Substance C
B. Substance B
C. Substance D
D. Substance A

5. A substance that produces a hydronium ion when dissolved in water is called a/an
A. base.
B. indicator.
C. acid.
D. reactant.

6. Which of the following does not increase reaction rates?
A. Inhibitor
B. Pressure
C. Temperature
D. Catalyst

7. What's the final volume of a gas with an initial volume of 75 mL if the pressure decreases from 300 mL to 200 mL?
A. 50.0 mL
B. 100.0 mL
C. 112.5 mL
D. 75.5 mL

8. Which of the following statements is not true of using electron dot diagrams?
A. An atom is chemically stable if all dots are paired.
B. An element with eight valence electrons is chemically unstable.
C. Dots should be placed one at a time on each side of the chemical symbol.
D. The element's group number provides a clue about the number of valence electrons.

9. Which of the following statements about covalent bonds is false?
A. The bond can be formed only between nonmetals.
B. The resulting compound is a poor conductor of electricity.
C. The resulting compound has a dull appearance.
D. The resulting compound can be dissolved in water.

10. What needs to happen for the equation CH₄+O₂ → CO₂
A. A coefficient of 2 must be added before both products and reactants.
B. A coefficient of 2 must be added before both products.
C. Nothing, the equation is already balanced.
D. A coefficient of 2 must be added before the second reactant and the second product.

11. If an atom contains 12 protons and 10 neutrons, what's its mass number?
A. 10
B. 2
C. 12
D. 22

+ H₂O to be balanced?
12. Which of the following men did not help to advance the understanding of the atom?
A. Dalton
B. Rutherford
C. Democritus
D. Aristotle

13. Water is an example of a
A. element.
B. polar molecule.
C. mixture.
D. nonpolar molecule.

14. Which of the following statements about ionic bonds is false?
A. The resulting compound in a water solution can conduct electricity.
B. The resulting compound cannot be dissolved in water.
C. The resulting compound has high melting and boiling points.
D. The resulting compound forms solid crystals.

15. The superscript of element Cl
A. negative ion.
B. neutral atom.
C. positive ion.
D. negative isotope.

indicates it is a
16. The chemical formula for carbon dioxide is
17. Which of the following is not a homogeneous mixture?
A. Mixture in which substances are not evenly mixed
B. Mixture in which substances are evenly mixed on the atomic level but not bounded together
C. Air
D. Solution

18. A cold glass of iced tea warms quickly on a hot day through the process of
A. radiation.
B. conduction.
C. expansion.
D. convection.

19. Which of these liquids has the highest viscosity?
A. Milk
B. Syrup
C. Orange juice
D. Water

20. When matter is transformed from the liquid state to the gas state, the distance between the particles _______ and the attractive forces between the particles
A. decreases; increase.
B. increases; decrease or are absent.
C. decreases; decrease or are absent.
D. increases; increase.

Part 2- Earth and Geologic Changes

1. The Phanerozoic eon is made up of all of the following except the _______ era.
A. Permezoic
B. Cenozoic
C. Mesozoic
D. Paleozoic

2. Mammals first appeared during the _______ era.
A. Paleozoic
B. Phanerozoic
C. Cenozoic
D. Mesozoic

3. Which of the following statements about fossils is false?
A. An organism that decays entirely is not likely to form a fossil.
B. An organism is more likely to form a fossil if it is buried quickly after death.
C. All organisms are equally likely to form fossils.
D. An organism is more likely to form a fossil if it has bones or a shell.

4. Radiocarbon dating is useful for estimating the _______ of a material.
A. energy
B. radiation levels
C. age
D. weight

5. Which of the following is not a principle of relative-age dating?
A. In undisturbed rock layers, the oldest rocks are on the bottom.
B. If one rock contains pieces of another, the pieces are older.
C. If one geological feature cuts across another, the feature cutting across is older.
D. Sediments are deposited in lateral sheets.

6. Metamorphic rock is not formed from
A. exposure to hot fluids.
B. extreme heat.
C. erosion.
D. extreme pressure.

7. Dinosaurs became extinct due to the
A. Cretaceous extinction event.
B. breakup of Pangaea.
C. Permian extinction event.
D. Pleistocene ice age.

8. Which of the following statements is false?
A. The slow release of stress along a plate boundary can result in an earthquake.
B. Volcanoes form where plates collide along a subduction zone.
C. Stress builds along plate boundaries.
D. Mountains can form where two continents collide.

9. The process of uplift is associated with
A. formation of rivers.
B. erosion.
C. mountain building.
D. sedimentation.

10. Basalt, formed from magma, contains iron-rich minerals. Why is this important?
A. Iron is rich in nutrients and makes the soil easily identifiable.
B. Iron is one of most abundant elements and can be found on every continent.
C. Iron is magnetic and it triggers the reversal of Earth's magnetic field.
D. Iron is magnetic and records the orientation and direction of Earth's magnetic field.

11. Which of the following is not a type of fault?
A. Reverse
B. Normal
C. Strike-slip
D. Abnormal

12. Which of the following is not a force causing plate motion?
A. Basal drag
B. Gravity
C. Slab pull
D. Ridge push

13. What can directly lead to unconformity on an exposed rock?
A. Erosion
B. Uplift
C. Uneven rock layers
D. Climate change

14. Which of the following is not a possible cause of mass extinction?
A. Meteorite impact
B. Geographic isolation
C. Failure to evolve
D. Temperature reduction

15. How much greater is the shaking produced by a magnitude 8 earthquake than a magnitude 5 earthquake using the Richter Scale?
A. 10,000 times greater
B. 3,000 times greater
C. 100 times greater
D. 1,000 times greater

16. The absolute age of a rock is expressed with
A. geologic symbols.
B. Roman numerals.
C. date ranges.
D. concrete numbers.

17. The network of satellites monitoring continental movement is referred to as
A. CMM.
B. GPS.
C. TPS.
D. CPB.

18. Which type of seismic wave generally causes the most damage?
A. Shock wave
B. Surface wave
C. Secondary wave
D. Primary wave

19. Volcanoes can form along all of the following except
A. convergent boundaries.
B. divergent boundaries.
C. transform boundaries.
D. hot spots.

20. Which of the following is not a type of plate boundary?
A. Divergent
B. Tectonic
C. Transform
D. Convergent

Part 4- Understanding the Universe

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Questions 1 to 20: Select the best answer to each question. Note that a question and its answers may be split across a page break, so be sure that you have seen the entire question and all the answers before choosing an answer.

1. Which one of the following groups does not orbit the Sun?
A. Comets
B. Stars
C. Dwarf planets
D. Asteroids

2. The gases cast off by a dying star are called
A. planetary nebulae.
B. remnants.
C. dark matter.
D. neutron clouds.

3. A star that's actively fusing hydrogen into helium is a
A. red giant.
B. supergiant.
C. main-sequence star.
D. white dwarf.

4. How far can light travel in one year?
A. 30 million km
B. 300,000 km
C. 100 billion km
D. 10 trillion km

5. _______ contains "The Great Red Spot," a storm twice as wide as Earth.
A. Mars
B. Saturn
C. Uranus
D. Jupiter

6. Which of the following is not part of a star?
A. Corona
B. Photosphere
C. Radiative zone
D. Dark spot

7. Which of the following statements about black holes is false?
A. All of the mass in a black hole is concentrated in a single point.
B. A black hole sucks in matter like a vacuum cleaner.
C. Astronomers have never seen a black hole.
D. No light can escape from a black hole.

8. Which of the following is not a dwarf planet?
A. Eris
B. Hydra
C. Haumea
D. Pluto

9. The greenhouse effect on which planet makes it the hottest planet in our solar system?
A. Venus
B. Jupiter
C. Mercury
D. Mars

10. A light-year measures the _______ that light travels in 1 year.
A. time
B. velocity
C. distance
D. luminosity

11. Saturn's rings are made mainly of
A. rock.
B. gas.
C. ice.
D. dust.

12. Which planet has an AU of 5.20?
A. Uranus
B. Jupiter
C. Earth
D. Mercury

13. A small, rocky particle that moves through space and strikes a planet or moon is referred to as a/an
A. comet.
B. impact crater.
C. asteroid.
D. meteorite.

14. Which of the following is not part of the structure of a comet?
A. Nucleus
B. Coma
C. Dust tail
D. Head

15. According to the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram, what color is our Sun?
A. Blue
B. White
C. Yellow
D. Red

16. The true brightness of an object is called its
A. intensity.
B. luminosity.
C. viscosity.
D. magnitude.

17. The Sun and most stars are made almost entirely of
A. hydrogen and carbon.
B. helium and hydrogen.
C. helium and nitrogen.
D. oxygen and nitrogen.

18. The _______ of a star determines its temperature and luminosity.
A. width
B. location
C. density
D. mass

19. An explosion that destroys a massive star is called a
A. vacuum.
B. nebula.
C. supernova.
D. black hole.

20. Which of the following is not a type of galaxy?
A. Irregular
B. Spiral
C. Oval
D. Elliptical.