Option A: Supernumerary Genders

According to the textbook, gender is the social construct that is assigned and learned based on cultural concepts about the nature of sex differences and their place in social life. Pick one of the supernumerary genders discussed in the textbook (e.g., Two Spirits or hijra as discussed in section 5.3), and explain how these genders function within their respective societies.

Option B: Rites of Passage

A rite of passage is a ritual that helps mark a person's transition from one status to another. All cultures have rites of passage to mark these important transitions. With that in mind, choose a rite of passage either from the textbook (see section 6.4) or from your own research. What is the function of this rite within the particular society? How do American rites of passage, such as those you have experienced personally, differ from other rites of passage (see section 6.4, Puberty Rituals)?