Multiple-Choice Questions:

1. The non-Germanic peoples who invaded Europe during the 9th century and 10th century were

a. Muslims, Vikings, and Persians.

b. Muslims, Magyars, and Persians.

c. Muslims, Magyars, and Vikings.

d. Magyars, Vikings, and Persians.

2. In response to the invasion, the Europeans organized themselves in a social and political system, which we call it

a. anarchy.

b. feudalism.

c. absolutism.

d. democracy.

3. In essence, European feudalism was based on an arrangement made between

a. the pope and the kings.

b. the king and the Holy Roman emperors.

c. land owner and landless peasant.

d. lord and subject (vassal).

4. "Homage" was a ceremony to

a. establish a formal relationship between a lord and his subject.

b. inaugurate a king.

c. invest a priest.

d. celebrate a military victory.

5. By European feudal customs, a lord was supposed to do the followings except for

a. securing services from his subjects.

b. holding his private court to render justice for his subjects.

c. exercising his absolute authority over his subjects.

d. asking for help from his subjects with their consult and consent.

6. In most European states, the feudalization of the 9th and 10th centuries led immediately to

a. a process of centralization of royal governments.

b. a process of decentralization of royal governments.

c. the consolidation of a papal overlordsbip.

d. the Unified European community.

7. Pope Gregory- VII claimed that

a. the pope should be superior in authority to the kings and the emperor.

b. the secular kings should have authority to invest the clergy.

c. the secular kings should have authority to judge misdeeds of the clergy.

d. the secular Icings should have authority to tax the clergy.

8. The conflict over lay investiture of the clergy was fiercest in

a. France.

b. Britain.

c. the Holy Roman Empire.

d. Italy.

9. The medieval theory of "Two Swords" advocated that

a. the Christian kingdom should be governed by two authorities: the state.

b. the popes should hold the highest authority with both hands.

c. the kings should hold the highest authority with both hands.

d. people should have the highest authority over both the popes and church and the kings.

10. The "Clunic Order" was designed to

a. invite secular authorities to discipline monks.

b. secure monastic independence from the control of the papacy.

c. revive true priesthood with an independent government by the Clunk monks themselves.

d. turn the Clunic monastery into a real estate business.

11. The "Cistersian Order" was founded on the assumption of

a. an alliance between kings and monasteries.

b. a separation between the papal authority and monastic orders.

c. an improvement of living standard from priests.

d. a restoration of priest poverty

12. The first crusade was called by Pope Urban II because of all but one of the following:

a. The pilgrimage to the Holy Land had become very difficult.

b. The city of Jerusalem had fallen to the Seljuk Muslims.

c. The pope was hopeful of reuniting the Eastern church with Rome.

d. The Byzantine emperor had asked for help in order to stop the Muslim invasion.

13. The Fourth Crusade

a. conquered Constantinople.

b. reclaimed the Holy Land from the Muslims.

c. cleared up the heretics in southern France.

d. made a permanent peace in the Mid-East.

l4. The greatest achievements of Pope Innocent RI included the followings except for

a. launching the Fourth Crusade.

b. giving up the papal claim to be the overlord of the Christendom.

c. accomplishing numerous pieces of legislation in the 4th Lateren Council.

d. intervening successfully into English-French conflict.

15. Which of the following facts does not contribute to the success of Pope Innocent III:

a. a united front of secniar kings against the pope.

b. the persistence of the pope in assuming his authority from God.

c. the support of bishops all over Europe.

d. the rise of religious piety in European people.

16. To ensure a strong monz.rc:-: . William I a_ made land survey and rei: 7:- .:ii the resuhs in the Domesday Book.

b. required all of his Englis:: - _.3iects to swear loyalty to the king.

c. ensured the largest land-holding to be under the direct control of the king.

d. All of the above.

17. among his legal reforms, Henry 11 did not a deprive intentionally his subjects from their customary jurisdictions.

b. open the royal courts to welcome litigation.

c. standardize writs in order to initiate lawsuits.

d regularly use jury to try cases.

18. The conflict between King John of England and Philip Augustus of France resulted in -

a. the land loss of the English crown in the continent.

b. the expansion of the French royal power beyond Ile de France.

c. the issue of Magna Carta which regulated the feudal relationship between English king and his subjects.

d. all of the above.

19. Magna Carta can be best viewed as

a. a feudal document which conformed traditional relationship between the king and his subjects.

b. a revolutionary document which limited the king's powers.

c. a reactionary document which declared the king's absolutism.

d. a contract which consolidated the alliance between the English kingship and the papacy.

20. Which of the following alliances helped French kings to centralize the kingdom during the High Middle Ages?

a. the alliance between France and England.

b. the alliance between French kings and French boroughs.

c. the affiance between French kings and French nobility.

d. the alliance between France and the Holy Roman Empire.

21. The disintegration and decentralization of the government in the Holy Roman Empire were due to

a. the weakness of the emperors.

b. the failure of the imperial expansion into northern Italy.

c. the endless conflicts between the emperors and other royal families in Europe.

d. the anti-religious attitude of the German people.

22. In manorial system of medieval Europe serfs were not

a. slaves.

b. unfree farmers.

c. tied to the land_

d. under the jurisdiction of his land owner.

23. Which of the following events did not contribute to the increase of land output and the growth of urban economy in the I lth century?

a_ the weather grew warmer.

b. the innovation of land rotation.

c. the diminishing of the large scale invasions.

d. the low child birth rate.

24. A medieval town in Europe was usually governed by

a. a local lord.

b. a representative of the king.

c. a royal charter, ensuring a self-government of the townsmen.

d. a priest representing the local church.

25. Both the "Franciscan Order" and the "Dominican Order" aimed at

a. restoring poverty to priesthood.

b. preaching the urban poors.

c. educating people against heresy.

d. All of the above.

26. "Inquisition" was the pope's campaign against

a.. corrupted priests in the church.

b. heresy.

c. excessive expansion of the church property.

d. excessive intrusion of the state.

27. In medieval Europe, the colleges and universities were dedicated to teach the following courses except for

a. theology.

b. music.

c. astronomy.

d. applied science and technology.

28. Thomas Aquinas Claimed that human minds were able to

a_ reason all truths of God.

b. reason no truth of God.

c. reason only empirical truths of God.

d. reason only dogmatic truths of God.

29. The failure of Pope Boniface VIII to realize the papal supremacy was due to the fact that

a. he himself was not wholeheartedly determined.

b. he was lack of supporters from within the church itself.

c. the church had no efficient means to enforce the claim.

d. he was not a good canon lawyer.