1) In particular, we will discover alteration in American national identity and citizenship from late nineteenth century to present. From its very inception, ideologies and laws associated to citizenship have framed who could and couldn’t be considered an American. As United States extended its territory, grappled with legacies of slavery, incorporated some immigrants whilst excluding and restricting others, and required to insure civil rights to all of its citizens, notions of American citizenship altered and adapted. This course will aid students think about such problems like: Who is an American? How did debates over citizenship reflect Americans ideas of race, class, ethnicity, and gender? And how did that definition alter over time? How were racial and ethnic minorities, women, and immigrants defined at different times in opposition to Americaness?