In addition, outside of North Africa, where Islam and the Arabic language form a common bond among residents, many African countries have hundreds, if not thousands, of ethnic and linguistic groups. In many cases, especially in Rwanda, the European powers fostered rivalries between different ethnic groups. In the 1990s, almost a million people were killed in the Rwandan Genocide.

• What did European's have to gain by fostering ethnic rivalries?
• What is to blame for the excess of Civil Wars in post-independence African countries?
• Please respond to the bolded section and cite your reference. I will not use your answer without one.