How would the molarity be affected by the followingcircumstances (i.e. would it be higher than the true value, lowerthan the true value or remain unchanged)? Give your reasons.

a) The potassium hydrogen Phthalate is dissolved in more than50 mL of water.

b) The potassium hydrogen phthalate in the reagent bottlein the laboratory has been left open on a humid day and thepotassium hydrogen phthalate has absorbed some moisture before youremoved your sample of the acid.

c) While swirling the flask during the titration, some of theliquid splashed out before the end point was reached.

3. How would the quivalent weight be affected by the followingcircumstances (i.e. would it be higher than the true value, lowerthan the true value or remain unchanged)? Give reasons for your answers

a) the burette is washed with distilled water but not rinsedwith base

b) a small amount of weighed acid was spilled during thetransfer from the weighing vial

c) The weighed acid is transferred to a wet Erlenmeyer flask.