When canning jams and jellies, a small air space is left between the top of the jam and the jar lid, which is only loosely tightened. The jar may then be submerged in boiling water for several minutes. During this time, bubbles are observed emerging from the jar. After the jar is removed from the hot water, the lid soon pops down tightly on the jar and seals it.
a. Explain why bubbles are observed to emerge from the jar when it is in the boiling water.
b. Explain why the lid "pops down" on the jar top soon after removing the jar from the boiling water.