problem 1)(a) Round off the following numbers to three significant figures :

(i) 75.8437

(ii) 59.873

iii) 68.752

(iv) 67.520

(v) 63.35

(b) Distinguish between:

(i) Precision and accuracy.

(ii) Absolute and relative errors.

(iii) Mean and median.

problem 2)(a) How are weights calibrated?

(b) Describe the term standard deviation.

(c) What are the kinds of errors? How are they minimised?

problem 3)(a) describe the principle, instrumentation and applications of Nephelometry.

(b) Describe briefly about polarography.

problem 4)(a) describe the principle, instrumentation and applications of Amperometry.

(b) Describe the applications of cyclic voltammetry.

problem 5)(a) Describe the theory and applications of IR spectroscopy.

(b) State the applications of Raman spectroscopy.

(c) describe spin-spin coupling and coupling constant.

problem 6)(a) Describe the theory and applications of NMR spectroscopy.

(b) prepare briefly on:

(i) Franck-Condon principle.

(ii) Chemical shift.

problem 7)(a) What are the characteristics of primary standard in volumetric analysis?

(b) What is an acid-base filtration? describe the use of indicators in acid-base titrations.

(c) Describe how common-ion effect is helpful in inorganic qualitative analysis.

problem 8)(a) What are the advantages of precipitation from homogeneous medium?

(b) Discuss the following in detail:

(i) Co precipitation.

(ii) Colorimetric estimation.

problem 9) Discuss the principle and applications TLC.

problem 10) describe the principle and applications of column chromatography.