1) Explain the difference between equivalence point and end point... Explain how the pH at the equivalence point varies as the strength of the acid increases.... Remember that acid strength depends upon Ka not upon analytical concentration. Your answer should be based upon the proton transfer reaction that is important at the equivalence point.

2) Explain the difference in change of pH with volume of titrant added near the equivalence point as compared to a point earlier in the titration. (i.e. How does the slope of the titration curve differ?)

3) why the initial pH is not the same for all the acids while it is nearly the same when the titration has been carried a few mL past the equivalence point. Your answer should include appropriate proton transfer NIE(s).

4) What is the difference in change of pH with volume of titrant added near the equivalence point as compared to a point earlier in the titration. (i.e. How does the slope of the titration curve differ?)