The amount of manganese in steel is determined by changing it to permanganate ion. The steel is first dissolved in nitric acid, producing Mn2+ ions. These ions are then oxidized to the deeply colored MnO4- ions by periodate ion (IO4-) in acid solution.

(a) Complete and balance an equation describing each of the above reactions. (Type your answer using the format CO2 for CO2, (NH4)2CO3 for (NH4)2CO3, [NH4]+ for NH4+, and [Ni(CN)4]2- for Ni(CN)42-. Use the lowest possible coefficients.)

Equation 1:

Mn(s) + 2H+(aq) + 34(aq) -------> 5Mn2+(aq) + 67(g) + 89(l)

Equation 2:

11(aq) + 12Mn2+(aq) + 1314(l) ------> 1516(aq) + 17MnO4-(aq) + 18H+(aq)

(b) Calculate E° and ?G° at 25°C for each reaction.

Equation 1:

E°cell
19 V
?G°
20 kJ

Equation 2:

E°cell
21 V
?G°
22 kJ