CHAPTER 22: THE ORDEAL OF RECONSTRUCTION
The Problems of PeaceKnow: Reconstruction
1. "Dismal indeed was the picture presented by the war-wracked South when the rattle of musketry faded." Explain.
Freedmen Define FreedomKnow: Exodusters, American Methodist Episcopal Church, American Missionary Association
2. How did African-Americans respond to emancipation in the decade following the war?
The Freedmen's BureauKnow: Freedmen's Bureau, General Oliver O. Howard
3. Assess the effectiveness of the Freedmen's Bureau.
Johnson: The Tailor PresidentKnow: Andrew Johnson
4. Explain the strengths and weaknesses of Andrew Johnson.
Presidential ReconstructionKnow: Lincoln's "10 percent plan," Wade-Davis Bill, Radical Republicans
5. How did the Presidents' plan for reconstruction differ from the plan of the Radical Republicans?
The Baleful Black CodesKnow: Black Codes, Labor Contracts, Sharecropping, Debt Peonage
6. How were Black Codes used to keep the freedmen down?
Congressional Reconstruction
7. Why did northern congressmen refuse to seat the southerners when they came to take their seats? (Hint: there are two reasons -- one moral and one practical)
Johnson Clashes with CongressKnow: Civil Rights Bill, "Andy Veto," Fourteenth Amendment
8. How did Republicans use their dominance of Congress? What did President Johnson do in response?
Swinging 'Round the Circle with Johnson
9. How did Johnson's campaigning during the 1866 congressional elections backfire? Why did it backfire?
Republican Principles and ProgramsKnow: Charles Sumner, Thaddeus Stevens, Joint Committee on Reconstruction, Moderate Republicans
10. How did the views of Moderate Republicans about reconstruction differ from the views of Radical Republicans?
Reconstruction by the SwordKnow: Reconstruction Act, Fifteenth Amendment, Military Reconstruction, Redeemers, Home Rule
11. Describe military reconstruction.
No Women VotersKnow: Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony, Woman's Loyal League, Fourteenth Amendment
12. Why did some women feel that they did not receive their due after the Civil War?
The Realities of Radical Reconstruction in the SouthKnow: Union League, Suffrage, Hiram Revels, Blanche K. Bruce, Scalawags, Carpetbaggers
13. In what ways did African-Americans become politically involved in the years immediately following the Civil War? How did White southerners view their involvement?
The Ku Klux KlanKnow: Ku Klux Klan, Force Acts, Disfranchise
14. In what ways did Southern whites attempt to keep former slaves down?
Johnson Walks the Impeachment PlankKnow: Radical Republicans, Ben Wade, Tenure of Office Act, Edwin Stanton
15. How did the Radical Republicans "manufacture" an impeachment of Andrew Johnson?
A Not-Guilty Verdict for JohnsonKnow: Benjamin F. Butler, Thaddeus Stevens
16. Why were the Radicals unsuccessful in removing Johnson from office?
The Purchase of AlaskaKnow: William Seward, Russia
17. Explain why Alaska was called "Seward's Folly," but was purchased anyway.
The Heritage of Reconstruction
18. Assess the success of Republican reconstruction.
Varying Viewpoints: How Radical Was Reconstruction?
19. Do you believe that the primary motive in Reconstruction was revenge or the desire to help African-Americans? Explain.