a. Calculate the mass defect in Fe-56 if the mass of an Fe-56 nucleus is 55.921 amu. The mass of a proton is 1.00728 amu and the mass of a neutron is 1.008665 amu.
b. Determine the binding energy of an O-16 nucleus. The O-16 nucleus has a mass of 15.9905 amu. A proton has a mass of 1.00728 amu, a neutron has a mass of 1.008665 amu, and 1 amu is equivalent to 931 MeV of energy.
c. What percentage of a radioactive substance remains after 7.00 half-lives have elapsed?
d. Carbon-11 is used in medical imaging. The half-life of this radioisotope is 20.4 min. What percentage of a sample remains after 60.0 min?