Ask Physics Expert

Astronomy subject

(This question might look long, but most of the sentences are hints actually, I believe it should not take too much time as these are just low points questions in my assignment)

1.)
Description:
Stars like the Sun can be considered to be supported by gas and radiation pressure. In other words, the star will collapse until the outward pressure of the gas and radiation it produces balances the inward attraction due to gravity. For a white dwarf star, which our Sun will become once it dies, the star is instead supported by electron degeneracy pressure. Material in a white dwarf star is incredibly densely packed together, further collapse under the influence of gravity is prevented by the pressure of the electrons repelling one another. Neutron stars, which are the end result of stars more massive than the Sun, are denser still. They are so tightly squeezed together that the protons and electrons within them have been pushed together to form neutrons. The collapse of a neutron star under the influence of gravity is prevented due to neutron degeneracy pressure (caused by the strong nuclear force).

Questions:
For an object 1.7 times the mass of the Sun (the Sun is 1.99 × 1030 kg), work out the radius it would have if it were a:

i) main sequence star, supported by gas and radiation pressure of 280 Pa m2 kg-1.
ii) a white dwarf, supported by electron degeneracy pressure of 3.6 × 106 Pa m2 kg-1.
iii) a neutron star, supported by a neutron degeneracy pressure of 9.2 × 1011 Pa m2 kg-1.

(all units in metre)
HINT:
Pressure = Force/Area, so if you consider the force due to gravity on a 1kg object of surface area 1 m2, and the object is in equilibrium, ie the force due to gravity balances the force due to the pressure then Pressure (in Pa m2 kg-1) = GM/r2.


2.)
Young white dwarfs are typically far hotter than stars like the Sun (e.g. Twd ≈ 42,000K; TSun ≈ 6,000 K). Despite this, they are also very, very faint. Given a white dwarf that is seven times hotter than a star, and using the radii (for the star and white dwarf) you calculated earlier in this question, calculate how much brighter (or fainter) that white dwarf would be than a star like the Sun.

L white dwarf = (Answer) ×L star ???

HINT: L is the luminosity, the power (P) radiated by the object. Right at the begining of the course (kettle topic) you saw that for radiation the power is given by:
L = P = σAeT4
in this equation e is the emisivity (1 for the Sun and a white dwarf), σ is Stefan's constant = 5.67 × 10-8 Js-1m-2K-4, A is the surface area in m2 and T is the temperature in K.

Physics, Academics

  • Category:- Physics
  • Reference No.:- M91201214
  • Price:- $30

Priced at Now at $30, Verified Solution

Have any Question?


Related Questions in Physics

Question oppositely charged parallel plates are separated

Question: Oppositely charged parallel plates are separated by 5.31 mm. A potential difference of 600 V exists between the plates. (a) What is the magnitude of the electric field between the plates? N/C (b) What is the ma ...

Question an object of mass m attached to a spring of force

Question: An object of mass m attached to a spring of force constant k oscillates with simple harmonic motion. The maximum displacement from equilibrium is A and the total mechanical energy of the system is E. What is th ...

Quesion when a nucleus of 235u undergoes fission it breaks

Quesion: When a nucleus of 235U undergoes fission, it breaks into two smaller, more tightly bound fragments. Part A: Calculate the binding energy per nucleon for 235U. Express your answer with the appropriate units. E=__ ...

Question a nylon rope used by mountaineers elongates 130 m

Question: A nylon rope used by mountaineers elongates 1.30 m under the weight of a 65.0-kg climber. If the rope is 45.0 m in length and 7.0 mm in diameter, what is Young's modulus for this material? The response must be ...

Question an object is 30 cm in front of a converging lens

Question: An object is 30 cm in front of a converging lens with a focal length of 10 cm. Use ray tracing to determine the location of the image. What are the image characteristics: (i) upright or inverted, (ii) magnifica ...

Question an object of mass m is traveling on a horizontal

Question: An object of mass m is traveling on a horizontal surface. There is a coefficient of kinetic friction µ between the object and the surface. The object has speed v when it reaches x=0 and encounters a spring. Th ...

Question in one of the classic nuclear physics experiments

Question: In one of the classic nuclear physics experiments at the beginning of the 20th century, an alpha particle was accelerated towards a gold nucleus and its path was substantially deflected by the Coulomb interacti ...

Question an object of mass m is dropped from height h above

Question: An object of mass m is dropped from height h above a planet of mass M and radius R. Find an expression for the object's speed as it hits the ground. Express your answer in terms of the variables m,M,h,R and app ...

Question one type of bb gun uses a spring-driven plunger to

Question: One type of BB gun uses a spring-driven plunger to blow the BB from its barrel. (a) Calculate the force constant of its plunger's spring if you must compress it 0.130 m to drive the 0.0580-kg plunger to a top s ...

Question an object is placed 30 cm to the left of a

Question: An object is placed 30 cm to the left of a converging lens that has a focal length of 15cm. Describe what the resulting image look like (i.e. image distance, magnification, upright or inverted images, real or v ...

  • 4,153,160 Questions Asked
  • 13,132 Experts
  • 2,558,936 Questions Answered

Ask Experts for help!!

Looking for Assignment Help?

Start excelling in your Courses, Get help with Assignment

Write us your full requirement for evaluation and you will receive response within 20 minutes turnaround time.

Ask Now Help with Problems, Get a Best Answer

Why might a bank avoid the use of interest rate swaps even

Why might a bank avoid the use of interest rate swaps, even when the institution is exposed to significant interest rate

Describe the difference between zero coupon bonds and

Describe the difference between zero coupon bonds and coupon bonds. Under what conditions will a coupon bond sell at a p

Compute the present value of an annuity of 880 per year

Compute the present value of an annuity of $ 880 per year for 16 years, given a discount rate of 6 percent per annum. As

Compute the present value of an 1150 payment made in ten

Compute the present value of an $1,150 payment made in ten years when the discount rate is 12 percent. (Do not round int

Compute the present value of an annuity of 699 per year

Compute the present value of an annuity of $ 699 per year for 19 years, given a discount rate of 6 percent per annum. As