AMERICAN POPULAR MUSIC

1. Describe the importance of Memphis in early Rock and Roll with a specific example.

2. Describe the impact of television on popular music in the 1950s. Be specific with an example.

3. Regarding Elvis Presley, textbook author Campbell says that he was a symbol of rock and roll, giving rock and roll a sound and a look which immediately set the style apart from anything that had come before. (Campbell, 175-177) Describe one characteristic of Elvis' musical style and one characteristic of his look in the 1950s that would explain this statement. Be specific.

4. Explain one way that Elvis Presley achieved mega-star status. (1 point)

MATCH:

4.      _I____  Pat Boone                  A.  Bill Haley's group

5.      ___D__  Col. Tom Parker         B.  McKinley Morganfield, R&B singer and guitarist

6.      ___A__  Comets                     C.  early successful girls' group

7.      ___G__  Carl Perkins               D.  Elvis' business manager and agent

9.  __J___  Sam Phillips                    E.  Buddy Holly's group

10. ___H__ Everly Brothers              F.  R&B, Rock and Roll singer/pianist from New Orleans

11. ___F__ Fats Domino                  G.  member of Sam Phillips' "million dollar quartet"

12. __C___ Shirelles                        H.  group known for novelty playlets

13. _B__Muddy Waters                    I.   major cover artist of R&B songs

14. ___E__ Crickets                         J.  owner of Sun Records

15. ____K_ Chords                          K.  doo-wop group of the 1950s "Sh-Boom"

16. Explain two different criticisms of Rock and Roll in the 1950s. Be specific with examples of who and what, and the impact. Choose controversies about race, religion, music, or other topic (consider music, lyrics, stage persona, etc.).

17. In your opinion, which performer of 1950s rock and roll would you have wanted to see/hear perform live, and why? Be specific.

Match

18.   __d___ Louis Jordan            A.  Texan who blended rock and roll with new ideas

19.   __g___ Alan Freed               B.  producer who coined the phrase, "rhythm & blues"

20.  __f___ Little Richard             C.  performed "Rocket 88" recorded at Sun Studio

21.  _K____ Dick Clark                D.  leader of a popular jump band

22.  __a___ Buddy Holly              E.  incorporated Latin rhythms in R&B and rock and roll

23.  __c___ Ike Turner                F.  "architect of rock and roll,"  set the electric guitar style

24.  __j___ Johnny Cash             G.  DJ who coined the phrase, rock and roll

25. ___h__ Chuck Berry              H.  flamboyant piano-playing rock and roll singer

26 .__e___ Bo Diddley                I.   DJ bribery for airplay of recordes

27. __b___ Jerry Wexler             J.  member of Sam Phillips' "million dollar quartet"

28. ___I__ Payola                       K.  host of American Bandstand on television

29. Name the American city where the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame is located.

30. Explain what a "cover" is in the music recording business.

When another artist plays a famous song, recently covered: Bridge Over Troubled Water originally by Simon and Garfunkel now being song by

31. Why did some recording companies want some R & B and doo-wop songs "covered" by white artists in the 1950s?

32. What did the success of cross-over hits by the mid 1950s indicate about the audiences of Billboard's R&B, C&W, and Pop charts?

That as far as music, black or white didn't matter

Match

33. ___G__ Gospel                       A.  outlandish piano pounding rock and roll performer

34. ___A__ Jerry Lee Lewis            B.  Elvis Presley's back-up vocal group

35. ___B__ Jordanaires                 C.  rhythmic devise inserted between beats in slow doo-wop

36. __I___ Carole King                  D.  doo-wop group of the 1950s

37. __D___ Flamingos                   E.  man's unnatural high voice, "head" voice

38. __K___ Rockabilly                    F.  record format for early rock and roll

39. __E___ Falsetto                       G.  religious music with free-style singing

40. __L__ Ed Sullivan                     H.  Broadway musical about Sam Phillips' studio

41. __H___ Million Dollar Quartet     I.  songwriter on staff in the Brill Building

42. ___C__ Triplet                         J.  new social/economic class of the 1950s

43. ___J__ Teenagers                    K.  blend of country and R&B

44. __F___ 45 RPM                        L.  television host of a variety show introducing music

45. Describe the piano playing style of Little Richard and Jerry Lee Lewis.

Little Richrad played boogie woogie; Jerry Lee Lewis: a pumping style

46. Describe how early rock and roll was different from Tin Pan Alley music in a general sense in two areas.

Tin Pan Alley Rock and Roll

singing style crooning style call and response

instruments more horns and a big band sound small band, guitars, drums piano

Match

47. __K___ Overdubbing     A.  repeated sections of music with new lyrics

48. __C___ Sun Studio       B.  style of solo singer and back-up groups with nonsense syllables

49. __A___ Verse form       C.  R&B and early rock and roll recording location

50. __I___ Cover version    D.  scaled-down big band ensemble

51. __H___ Rock ballad       E.  slow blues featuring the electric guitar

52. ___J__ Boogie-woogie   F.  style of singing with breaks between syllables, well = we-ell

53. __B___ Doo-wop          G.  song popular on more than one Billboard chart

54. __F___ Hiccup              H. slow song with rock rhythm

55. __D_ Jump band           I. new recording of a previously recorded song

56. __J___ Riff                   J.  piano style of repetitive bass figures

57. ___E__ Electric blues     K. adding parts onto an existing recording

58. ___G__ Cross-over       L.  short melodic/rhythmic idea at the beginning of the song

59. Describe what is meant by this thought. Be specific and give an example.

60. Explain what happened to the following performers/promoters of early Rock and Roll that left the movement leaderless by 1960. Be specific.

61. "Roll ‘Em, Pete" p. 102 (1 point) What instrument do you hear? Piano

62. Describe two differences between "Hound Dog" performed by Willie Mae Thornton (R&B) and Elvis Presley (Rock and Roll) that we listened to in class (and found on YouTube). Consider the following characteristics of instruments, singing style, and lyrics.

63. In your opinion, why do you think that Willie Mae Thornton's version of "Hound Dog" had limited appeal and Elvis Presley's version had wider appeal? Be specific.

64. "Choo Choo Ch'Boogie" p. 162.

How does the instrumentation of this jump band differ from the swing big band of the 1930s?

65. "(I'm Your) Hoochie Coochie Man" p. 166

What is the musical term for the interruption of the beat you hear in this selection? Stop time

66. "Move On Up a Little Higher" p. 105

Explain how the gospel singing style of Mahalia Jackson in this recording influenced R&B. Be specific.

67. "Rock Around the Clock" p. 174

Why is this song often considered the first Rock and Roll record? Bill Haley brought this song and his style to the world on a European tour. The first song described as rock and roll.

In your opinion, what makes this song memorable? Because it became a hit in both the U.S. andEurope

68. "Mystery Train" p. 176

How has this song been influenced by the blues? The lyrics are sad, delivery and style was backed by a dance beat.

Give an example of "hiccup" singing in this song. Be specific with words that feature the "hiccups.".

69. "Golden Gate Gospel Train" p. 104

"Sh Boom" p. 167

"I Only Have Eyes For You" p. 186

Which one of these three songs is performed a cappella? Golden Gate Gospel Train, sang a cappella

Explain the influence of gospel music on doo-wop.

Doo-wop used the improvisation of voices as sounds or instruments like they did in gospel

What is one difference between "Sh-Boom" and "I Only Have Eyes for You?" the tempo and beat were totally different. Sh-boom more doo-wop; the other a slow easy dance song being crooned.

70. "Johnny B. Goode" p. 181

What instruments are used on this recording? Lead guitar, bass guitar, drums, saxophoone

Give an example of call and response technique in this song. Be specific. The interplay between his voice and the band.

71. Watch and listen to Buddy Holly on YouTube performing "That'll Be the Day" or "Peggy Sue" and list the instruments that became the standard rock combo.

Two guitars, a bass and drum

72. "Lucille" p. 180

Describe the singing style. Blues made famous by BB King

73. "Jailhouse Rock" p. 178

Describe the singing style. Made famous by Elvis Presley had a rock and roll beat with a blues twist to it.

74. "Will You Love Me Tomorrow" p. 192

Describe one way that this recording represented the closing gap between black and white people in music and society. This song was written by two white songwriters, Carole King being one and song by a black girls group.

Refer to the article "Girl Groups, Young Songwriters, and Celebrity Producers" and indicate one difference between the girl groups and most doo-wop groups (mostly male).

Doo wops were mostly song without musical background Girl groups had

75. Describe two differences between the versions of "Blue Moon" performed by Ella Fitzgerald (Tin Pan Alley) and the Marcels (Rock and Roll) that we listened to in class. Consider the characteristics of dynamics, rhythm, instruments, singing style, melody, and lyrics.

Fitzgerald's Tin Pan Alley version Marcels' Rock and Roll version

1. Full strings, slow dance song; big band Song as a doo wop song

2. crooning, single singer Lyrics were song totally different beat, melody song by single singer

1. Name the swing big band in which Louis Jordan first made his mark as a saxophonist.

2. What was the name of Alan Freed's first stage show featuring R&B artists? Moondog House

3. What R&B Louisiana radio station did Buddy Holly hear in west Texas that influenced his rock

4. and roll style?

5. In what movie was Bill Haley's "Rock Around the Clock" used that propelled it to a big hit? BlackBoard Jungle

6. Around the CLock

7. What was the original name of the girls group, the Shirelles? The puquellos.