Although cholrine is electron withdrawing groupyet it is, Ask an Expert

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Although cholrine is electron withdrawing group.yet it is ortho nd para directing in electrophilic aromatic substitution reactants.why?

Solution) Halogens are an exception of the deactivating group that directs the ortho or para substitution.

The halogens deactivating the ring by inductive effect not by the resonance even though they have an unpaired pair of electrons.The unpaired pair of electrons gets donated to the ring,but theinductive efffect pullles away the electrons from the ring by the elecronegitivity of the halogens.

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