Understanding the basic concepts in optics.

1. The _____ is responsible for binding the electrons to nucleus.
a) Ground state
b) Temperature
c) Balmer series
d) Coulomb force
e) Kirchhoff's law

2. What happens to the light that is missing in an absorption spectrum?
a) It is reflected by atoms on surface of the hot, dense object.
b) It is emitted by atoms in a low density gas cloud.
c) It is reflected by dust in a nebula.
d) It is absorbed by the atoms inside the hot, dense object.
e) It is absorbed by atoms in a low density gas cloud.

3. A star is found which radiates most of its energy at the wavelength of 1,000 nm. What is the temperature of surface of that star?
a) 30,000 K
b) 10,000 K
c) 3,000 K
d) 1,000 K
e) 10 K

4. Body spectrum for those walls?
a) 30,000 nm
b) 10,000 nm
c) 3,000 nm
d) 1,000 nm
e) 10 nm

5. The greenhouse effect occurs because
a) Ozone is transparent to infrared radiation and opaque to ultraviolet radiation.
b) Carbon dioxide is transparent to infrared radiation and opaque to ultraviolet radiation.
c) The sun emits more infrared radiation than ultraviolet radiation.
d) Ozone is transparent to visible light and opaque to infrared radiation.
e) Carbon dioxide is transparent to visible light and opaque to infrared radiation.

6. The surface of Venus has been studied
A. using radar maps made from Earth.
B. using radar maps made from satellites orbiting Venus.
C. using spacecraft that have landed on the surface of Venus.
D. all of the above
E. only B and C

7. Which of the solar system objects listed below is most similar to Earth in terms of mass and density?
a) Mercury
b) Deimos
c) Mars
d) Moon
e) Venus

8. In addition Earth, which of the terrestrial planets and satellites of terrestrial planets show(s) evidence for the possible existence of liquid water flowing on its surface in the past?
Venus
The Moon
Phobos
Mars
None of the terrestrial planets or satellites show such evidence.

9. Belt and zone circulation
a) Is caused by the planet's magnetic field.
b) Is caused by rising and sinking gases.
c) is more obvious on Saturn than Jupiter.
d) Has been observed only on Jupiter.
e) describes the formation of Cassini's division.

10. Jupiter's interior is mostly
a) Rock.
b) Molten iron.
c) Water.
d) Hydrogen and helium.
e) Carbon dioxide.