running a carnot cycle backward to produce refrigeration, the objective is to remove as much heat |q2| from the cold reservoir as possible for a given amount of work, and so the coefficient of performance beta is defined as beta= |q2|/|w| = |q2|/ (|q1|-|q2|) = T2/ (T1-T2). A household refrigerator operates between 35 and -10C. How many joules of heat can in principle be removed per kilowatt-hour of work?