1. Which of the following statements best describes the benefit of gathering background information after you have a specific research topic in mind?

a. Gathering background information will give you all the information you need to research your topic.
b. Gathering background information can help you narrow the focus of your topic.
c. Gathering background information can help you keep track of your research to avoid plagiarizing.
d. Gathering background information can help you fill in the gaps after you have finished your research to see what you may have missed on the topic.

2. Once you have identified the key concepts of a topic or research question and thought of additional keywords (synonyms or related terms), the next step is to use a combination of key concepts and keywords to develop a __________.

a. Boolean operator
b. search statement
c. subject heading
d. search heading

3. Which is a vital component of effective search statements that allows you to combine search terms to broaden or narrow your search?

a. related terms
b. keywords
c. Boolean operators
d. truncation

4. For questions 4-9, match the appropriate search statement to the types of searches listed below. Type your choice from Column A into the corresponding box in Column B.

5. Which is an example of a search statement correctly using the advanced searching technique nesting?

a. apple AND "farmer's market"
b. (apple OR pear) AND "farmer's market"
c. terms assigned to describe items in database
d. apple OR pear AND farm

6. Which advanced searching technique is correctly used in the search statement: toddler AND "Montessori school"

a. nesting
b. truncation
c. phrase searching
d. no advanced searching technique is used in the search statement

7. Both a scientist generating data based on observations of the life cycle of a butterfly, and a college student writing a critique of an artwork, are examples of:

a. common knowledge
b. information creation
c. peer review
d. secondary sources

8. The production and use of __________ is typically cyclical.

a. primary sources
b. database records
c. search statements
d. academic research

9. The most common types of information you will encounter when doing academic research are __________.

a. firsthand accounts and primary sources
b. primary and secondary sources
c. MLA and APA citations
d. library databases and search engines

10. Which of the following best describes the difference between primary and secondary sources?

a. Primary sources are sources of information or data that are interpreted, evaluated, or analyzed, and secondary sources are sources that interpret, evaluate, or analyze primary sources.
b. Primary sources are sources of information or data that are not interpreted, evaluated, or analyzed, and secondary sources are sources that interpret, evaluate, or analyze primary sources.
c. Primary sources are sources of information or data that are not interpreted, evaluated, or analyzed, and secondary sources are sources that only interpret, evaluate, or analyze secondary sources.
d. There is no obvious difference between primary sources and secondary sources.

You need both primary and secondary sources for your criminal justice research paper. Answer the following two questions about the types of sources.

11. Your instructor told you that one of your selected sources listed below is not a secondary source. Which of these sources will you have to replace?

a. criminal justice textbook
b. eyewitness account
c. literature review published in a law journal
d. all three are examples of secondary sources

12. Your instructor told you that one of your selected sources listed below is not a primary source. Which of these sources will you have to replace?

a. trial transcript
b. prisoner's diary
c. census data
d. criminal justice literature review

13. Which of the following statements best describes academic libraries? Academic libraries:

a. contain materials that support the research needs of faculty and students.
b. include four-year public college libraries, four-year private college libraries, university libraries, and two-year community college libraries.
c. include many that are open to the public and if you are unable to borrow materials, you can often use their resources on site.
d. all of the above

14. Which of the following statements best describes public libraries? Public libraries:

a. may be a good place to start your academic research even though most do not own the large collections of scholarly books and specialized journals appropriate for more in-depth investigation that a research library contains.
b. do not vary in the amount and types of resources offered.
c. do not have electronic research databases.
d. are only located in cities or towns with more than 250,000 people.

15. The following statements describe government depository libraries, except:

a. Government depository libraries have broad collections that can be used for research on governmental issues.
b. Government depository libraries were established by Congress to ensure the American public has access to published U.S. government information.
c. Government documents are available only in print form in a government depository library.
d. Government depository libraries often include state law libraries.

16. Which library research databases include information about articles published in magazines, journals, and newspapers?

a. periodical databases
b. statistical databases
c. reference databases
d. electronic book databases

17. You need to locate an article that (1) is published by a university or professional association, (2) is authored by clearly defined experts with significant knowledge in the subject area, or scholars and/or researchers, and (3) includes a bibliography. Which source would best meet your needs?

a. a newspaper article
b. an article from a trade publication
c. a magazine article
d. a scholarly journal article

18. Choose which article title would most likely be described by the database subject headings victims of famine, Ireland, history.

a. "Irish Babies, African Mothers: Rites of Passage and Rights in Citizenship in Post-Millennial Ireland"
b. "How Many Irish Potato Famine Deaths? Toward Coherence of the Evidence"
c. "'Good Man, Mary!' Women Musicians and the Fraternity of Irish Traditional Music"
d. "'The Gloomy Forebodings of this Dread Disease,' Climate, Famine and Sleeping Sickness in East Africa"

19. Once you have (1) performed a search in a database, (2) reviewed the list of results, and (3) evaluated a specific source from the results list, what is the next step?

a. identify the author
b. cite the source in your paper
c. evaluate the content of the source
d. determine the date it was published

20. For your research paper on the history of Maui, you locate a source covering the overall history of the Hawaiian Islands. As you evaluate the source, however, you decide not to use it in your research because it never mentions Maui. This significant omission of information falls under what criterion for evaluating resources?

a. authority
b. reliability
c. coverage
d. currency

21. Which of the following statements about when to cite sources is true?

a. If you paraphrase or summarize an idea from another work, you must also supply an in-text citation or reference to the source as well as a full citation at the end of your paper.
b. If you quote another work word for word, you must put the passage in quotation marks, but you need not include a citation in a works cited or references list.
c. If you quote another work word for word, you do not have to put the passage in quotation marks and only need to use a citation in the text of your paper.
d. If you paraphrase or summarize an idea from another work, you must supply an in-text citation or reference to the source, but do not need a full citation at the end of your paper.

22. Most citation styles require similar elements (e.g., author, publication date, title, and the date retrieved if found online) to be included in the citation, no matter if you are using MLA style, APA style, or Chicago style.

a. true
b. false