1. What was the ideology of "Separate Spheres"?

2. How did women's reactions to the Panic of 1819 differ from their reactions to the American Revolution, the Quasi-War with France, and the War of 1812? Why?

3. Activities of "female politicians" were more frequently criticized, into what new arena did elite and middle class white women channel their public activities?

4. What two major political roles for elite and middle class white women emerged immediately after the American Revolution? What kinds of activities characterized each role?

5. What is the relationship between women's literacy, print culture, and the post-Revolutionary debate about women's rights? In what ways did women participate in this debate?

6. How did non-voters (a category that included most women) generally participate in politics in post-Revolutionary America?

7. What ways did the development of political parties (Federalists and Democratic-Republicans) affect women's political participation? In what ways did the development of political parties affect women's personal lives?

8. What activities did Federalist and (Democratic-)  Republican women undertake during the War of 1812? How did the portrayal of women's activities during the War of 1812 differ from the portrayal of their activities during the American Revolution? Why?

9. How did Federalists and Democratic-Republicans depict actual women in words and images? How does Zagarri explain the differences between the two parties' portrayals? How did Federalists and Democratic-Republicans depict women symbolically or metaphorically? How does Zagarri explain the similarities between the two parties' depictions?

10. What was the new Liberal approach to politics that emerged in the 1830s? What new role for women emerged to complement this new conceptualization of politics? How did it differ from earlier "political" roles for women?

11. The right to vote expanded for free white men, a new rationale was found for excluding women from electoral politics. What was it?