1. The Italian Renaissance

a. was born in the universities             

b. saw a spiritual renewal in popes                                           

c. transformed rural life

d. showed that Europe had recovered from 14th century calamities

e. saw little economic change in the cities

2. Economic developments in the Renaissance included

a. concentration of wealth in fewer hands            

b. more jobs as wool gave way to luxury goods      

c. economic boom rivaling the 13th century

d. new trade with Italy A Ottoman Turks

e. pope needed less support from banks

3. The 'third estate' of the 15th century was

a. mostly urban and commercial                 

b. mostly free of the manorial system       

c. mostly free from violence & disease

d. almost a thing of the past

e. highly stratified, both socially & economically

4. The reintroduction of slavery in the 14th century occurred largely as a result of

a. the capture of Slavic prisoners of war           

b. shortage of labor caused by plague              

c. papal decrees for a paternal relationship between nobles and peasants

d. feelings of Italian racial superiority

e. alternatives to deal with Muslims A Jews

5. Machiavelli's Prince paved the way for

a. republican government in many cities          

b. higher moral standards for politicians           

c. modern secular idea of power politics

d. higher moral standards in the papacy

e. none of the above

6. The influence of humanism on the writing of history can be seen in the way humanists

a. looked for evidence of God's hand in historical events

b. emphasized the influence of political, economic, and social forces

c. so viciously attacked Christianity

d. archeology explained historical mysteries

e. rejected peasant religious stories

7. The advent of printing brought about

a. disputes over authenticity of old texts         

b. criticism of the money printers made          

c. noticeable increase in lay readership

d. calls for censorship of porno materials

e. movement in papacy to ban heretical titles of books or papers

8. Italian artists of the fifteenth century

a. ignored nature and painted from their 'inner light'  

b. sought to portray naturalism and realism                  

c. often copied the works of 14th century artists

d. abandoned study of anatomy

e. had little interest in the classical studies of humanists

9. Examples of religious unrest in the fifteenth century included

a. John Wyclif and the Lollard movement in Germany

b. the refusal of England's Henry VII to send a tithe to Rome

c. the condemnation and execution of John Hus

d. papal calls for the decrees of Sacrosanctaand Frequens

e. the march on Rome an army of Nepotists

10. The Renaissance Pope Sixtus IV is remembered for

a. participating in parades and carnivals

b. using the papacy to increase his family's power and wealth

c. poisoning his enemies

d. having mistresses share his Vatican apartments

e. commissioning Michelangelo to paint the ceiling of his chapel.