1. It was considered improper for female artists to study the nude figure until the _______ century.

A. twenty-first

B. eighteenth

C. twentieth

D. nineteent

2. This artist was influenced by African masks.

A. Pablo Picasso

B. Edvard Munch

C. Édouard Manet

D. Vincent van Gogh

3. During what year did the first signs of the Renaissance appear in Italy?

A. 1300

B. 1400

C. 1570

D. 1485

4. Why are paintings from medieval times more generic, lacking individual qualities?

A. Painters copied from each other.

B. The Church frowned upon individualism.

C. Painters copied from pattern books.

D. Virtually all medieval paintings were produced by monks.

5. Which one of the following philosophies was based on dreams?

A. Abstract art

B. Dadaism

C. Surrealism

D. Expressionism

6. In 325 A.D., Constantine the Great made a declaration that caused a significant change in the daily life of many Romans. What was the declaration?

A. Christianity was made the official state religion.

B. Gladiatorial games would be reinstated.

C. Aristocratic privileges would be abolished.

D. Travel was possible anywhere within the Empire.

7. Michelangelo was _______ years old when he carved the Pietà.

A. 81

B. 57

C. 23

D. 30

8. _______ began his career as an illustrator, but later became a political cartoonist.

A. Jean-François Millet

B. Honoré Daumier

C. Marc Chagall

D. Gustave Courbet

9. Which one of the following buildings is an example of French Gothic architecture?

A. The Seagram Building

B. The Parthenon

C. Crystal Palace

D. Notre Dame Cathedral

10. Which one of the following statements is not true about the Hagia Sophia in Constantinople?

A. It was a church that was transformed into a mosque.

B. It was built by Justinian.

C. It was influenced by Roman architecture.

D. It was originally built in the eighth century

11. Neoclassicism as an artistic style sought to emphasize

A. order and rationality.

B. grandeur and exuberance.

C. asymmetry and ornamentation.

D. tension and drama

12. Byzantine art is a combination of Christian symbolism and _______ style.

A. Greek

B. Roman

C. Egyptian

D. French

13. Organic shapes can be described as

A. three-dimensional and geometric.

B. two-dimensional and representational.

C. naturalistic and formed by uneven curves.

D. representational and simplified.

14. _______ has the most medieval stained glass windows.

A. China

B. France

C. England

D. Italy

15. A flat, two-dimensional background that projects into a relatively shallow three-dimensional space is called _______ sculpture.

A. earth

B. free-standing

C. relief

D. kinetic

16. Which one of the following artists created the Kaufman House (Fallingwater)?

A. Robert Venturi

B. ***** *****

C. Frank Lloyd Wright

D. James Wines

17. Who is attributed for almost single-handedly creating the Renaissance style of sculpture?

A. Michelangelo

B. Claus Sluter

C. Filippo Brunelleschi

D. Donatello

18. What was one of the most significant achievements of Albrecht Dürer?

A. He made printmaking a fine art form.

B. He wrote treatises on painting, perspective, and human proportions.

C. He created the art form known as installation sculpture.

D. He raised commonplace objects in his subjects of fine art.

19. Who was one of the founders of Group f/64, named for the small aperture setting that results in a wide depth of field and highly detailed images?

A. Dorothea Lange

B. Robert Mapplethorpe

C. Ansel Adams

D. Cindy Sherman

20. Who is considered the father of Expressionism?

A. Andy Warhol

B. Vincent van Gogh

C. Paul Cézanne

D. Pablo Picasso

21. What medium did Andrew Wyeth use to paint Christina's World?

A. Tempera paint

B. Oils

C. Ink

D. Watercolors

22. Which one of the following artists founded the Hudson River School of painting?

A. Honoré Daumier

B. Thomas Cole

C. J. M. W. Turner

D. John Constable

23. Kinetic sculpture was associated with what artist?

A. Auguste Rodin

B. Louise Bourgious

C. Joseph Beuys

D. Alexander Calder

24. The Chinese considered _______ to be one of the highest forms of art.

A. stained glass

B. quilting

C. ceramics

D. tapestry

25. Shapes that are not meant to refer to anything we can see in the real world are said to be

A. nonrepresentational.

B. geometric.

C. organic.

D. three-dimensional.

26. Another name for serigraphy is

A. etching.

B. metal printmaking.

C. wood engraving.

D. silkscreen printing.

27. Color-Field Painting was associated with what artist?

A. Willem de Kooning

B. Jackson Pollock

C. Franz Kline

D. Mark Rothko

28. Throughout the Renaissance, the _______ was used in paintings as a structural innovation that used geometric underpinning.

A. horizon line

B. foursquare theorem

C. figure triangle

D. base

29. In what city is the tomb of Empress Gala Placida?

A. Ravenna

B. Venice

C. Florence

D Rome

30. Mary Cassatt was part of what art movement?

A. Realism

B. Impressionism

C. Feminism

D. Expressionist

31. St. Peter's Basilica was constructed in the _______ centuries.

A. seventeenth and eighteenth

B. thirteenth and fourteenth

C. eighteenth and nineteenth

D. sixteenth and seventeenth

32. The capital of an Ionic column is adorned with a/an

A. barrel vault.

B. cage.

C. volute.

D. adobe.

33. ________ shapes are representational shapes that have been simplified.

A. Abstract

B. Nonrepresentational

C. Geometric

D. Organic

33. ________ shapes are representational shapes that have been simplified.

A. Abstract

B. Nonrepresentational

C. Geometric

D. Organic

34. In Jan van Eyck's painting Giovanni Arnolfini and his Bride, the dog symbolizes

A. fertility.

B. longevity.

C. fidelity.

D. the nuptial service.

35. The ratio for ideal proportions is also called the

A. Symmetrical Balance.

B. Golden Mean.

C. Golden Triangle.

D. Atmospheric Perspective.

36. The metal skeleton artists use to support clay sculptures is called a/an

A. scaffold.

B. casting.

C. maquette.

D. armature

37. The Glass House was created by

A. Le Corbusier.

B. Frank Lloyd Wright.

C. I. M. Pei.

D. Phillip Johnson.

38. What artistic development is characterized by unique compositions, S-like shapes, elegance, and a lack of emotion?

A. Rococo

B. Modernism

C. Mannerism

D. Baroque

39. Which one of the following items is a product of industrial design?

A. A vacuum cleaner

B. A blown-glass bowl

C. A woven basket

D. A ceramic vase

40. Unlike Christian architecture, Hindu religious architecture is

A. very scarce, although very well preserved.

B. not so much constructed as carved.

C. generally unembellished and austere.

D. accessible only to men.

41 Which pharaoh built the Great Sphinx?

A. Akhenaton

B. Mycerinus

C. Chephren

D. Tutankhamen

42Mosaics are made of

A. dabs of various colored paints.

B. panels of color.

C. columns of light.

D. tiny pieces of colored stone or tiles.

43The Hagia Sophia in Constantinople is a remarkable example of

A. a church transformed into a mosque.

B. a mosque that was transformed into a church.

C. early Gothic architecture.

D. a mosque that dates from the seventh century.

44. As agriculture replaced hunting and gathering, _______ began to develop.

A. empires

B. civilization

C. monarchies

D. countries

45A unique architectural feature of the Hagia Sophia is its

A. mihrab.

B. minaret.

C. transept.

D. trumeau.

46Which of the following components of the architecture of the Romans was used extensively in the eleventh century in Medieval Europe in the construction of castles, fortresses, churches, and monasteries?

A. Architrave

B. Flying buttress

C. Round arch

D. Pointed arch

47 Queen Nefertiti symbolized

A. aloofness.

B. fertility.

C. power.

D. feminine beauty.

48 What is a Buddhist stupa?

A. A place of worship

B. A place for healing

C. The tomb of a religious leader

D. A monastic community

49A long, rectangular room in a Christian church during the early Middle Ages was called a

A. transept.

B. barrel vault.

C. trumeau.

D. nave.

50 Which of the following powerful forces does Shiva Nataraja, Lord of the Dance not symbolize?

A. Creation

B. Destruction

C. Love

D. Conservation

51A pointed arch, ribbed vaults, exterior buttresses, and stained glass describe _______ architecture.

A. Byzantine

B. Gothic

C. Classical

D. Romanesque

52 The _______ cathedral is considered to be the most perfect example of Gothic architecture.

A. Chartres

B. Notre Dame

C. Amiens

D. Sainte Chapelle

53 The statue known as Augustus of Prima Porta is posed so that it calls to mind the Greek model of

A. Discobolos.

B. the Spear Carrier.

C. Aphrodite of Melos.

D. Nike of Samothrace.

54 A _______-style church was built by all the townspeople.

A. Classical

B. Byzantine

C. Hellenistic

D. Gothic

55 Which of the following religious groups was the focus of attacks by European Christians during the Crusades?

A. Jews

B. Moslems

C. Buddhists

D. Catholics

56. If you were a citizen in ancient Rome and you decided to worship in the Pantheon, you would do so because you were interested in worshipping

A. Athena and Poseidon.

B. Apollodorus, Nike of Samothrace, and Discobolos.

C. the most powerful Greek gods and goddesses.

D. all of the Roman deities.

57 Which type of artwork developed and flourished during the Roman Classical period?

A. Colorful ceramics

B. Realistic portrait busts

C. Stained-glass windows

D. Mural painting

58.Who said, "The unexamined life is not worth living"?

A. Siddhartha Gautama

B. Plato

C. Homer

D. Socrates

59 A pyramid is an Egyptian

A. church.

B. tomb.

C. catacomb.

D. arena.

60. In 313 A.D., Constantine the Great caused a significant change to be made in the daily life of many Romans. In that year, he declared that

A. aristocratic privileges would be abolished.

B. travel was possible anywhere within the Empire.

C. Christianity was legal.

D. gladiatorial games would be reinstated.