1. In what specific ways was Europe Americanized in the second half of the twentieth century? How do you explain the trend toward a consumer society?

2. How has Islamic migration into Europe affected social tensions on the Continent? How did the migration come about? What are incidents occurring in Europe that have raised resentment within the Islamic world?

3. How did women's social and economic roles change in the second half of the twentieth century? What changes and problems have women faced since the fall of communism in Eastern Europe?

4. How did the pursuit and diffusion of knowledge change in the twentieth century? What have been the effects of the communications revolutions? Has Western intellectual life become more unified or less so? Why?

5. What were the technological steps in the emergence of the computer? What changes will computers bring in the next decade?

6. What were the major steps in the emergence of the European Union? Why is the Union now facing crisis?