1. Describe the environment and conditions of the Spring and Autumn period of ancient China in which Confucius was raised. Explain how the upheaval among the warring states might have influenced the values and ideals that would shape his life and teachings.
2. What was the "Hundred Schools of Thought"?
3. As a developing sage/teacher, what became Confucius' primary focus?
4. Briefly describe Confucius' earliest years. Into what class was he born, and how did that shape his life purpose?
5. What was Confucius' specific aspiration that he never quite achieved?
6. To what or where from did Confucius look for inspiration and guidance for governing Chinese society?
7. In the Analects, a book of selected sayings and ideas attributed to Confucius and compiled by his followers, Confucius had said, "I transmit; but do not innovate." What did he mean? For instance, define transmit and innovate and also consider the nuances of these verbs.
8. This is a two word answer, but its meaning is enormous: In this era of decline, what was it that Confucius sought to restore?
9. Briefly describe Confucius' government service (political career). Frustrated, at the age of 73, he died (479 BCE). Why did Confucius consider his life a failure?
10. Explain the five relationships at the center of Confucian philosophy.
11. According to the film, describe the social status of women and their place in the family and society as a whole. Consider such things as marriage, authority, name, dowry, education.
12. What is foot binding? Our little cartoon considers high heels as modern day "foot binding." Can you think of other fashions or beauty treatments/practices that might actually be harmful to a woman or a man's body, psyche, and mind?
13. Thought piece:
14. (a) What are the strengths and weaknesses of this system or hierarchy of respect for and obedience to authority?
(b) This form of deference to elders and authority in relationships has been critiqued as an out-of-date feudal system with people required to know (and presumably stay in) their place. Considering your own family environment and relationships, how would you respond to the Confucian interplay of relationships, especially filial piety?
(c) The West has been critiqued as being excessively individualistic in its outlook rather than communal or collective in its outlook. Assuming it's possible, how might one balance respect and obedience for elders, and yet retaining individuality, personal goals, and independence?