problem 1:

prepare a comprehensive note on the general observation regarding design rules.

problem 2:

What do you understand by the term contact cuts? Illustrate buried and but contacts with cross sectional and top view diagrams.

problem 3:

Illustrate ceramic package types with their cross sectional sketches.

problem 4:

Why package sealing is needed in packing and how it is done?

problem 5:

prepare down the different types of the programmable inter connection channels employed for routing parts in FPGAs? Discuss.

problem 6:

Illustrate about ant fuses employed in FPGAs.

problem 7:

In brief illustrate the following verification tools:

a) Timing verifiers

b) Design rule checkers

c) Layout extractions and

d) Test vectors.