1) prepare down the difference between autoincrement and autodecrement addressing mode.

2) describe RISC with CISC architecture in detail.

3) Under what circumstances the micro program counter is not incremented after a new instruction is fetched from micro program memory?

4) prepare down the merits of horizontal and vertical microinstruction format?

5) What do you mean by pipelining and prepare down its advantages of pipelining?

6) prepare down the main aspects in gaining the performance in pipelined systems. describe them in detail.

7) How many memory chips are required to construct 2 M × 16 memory system using 512 K × 8 static memory chips?

8) What do you mean by virtual memory? prepare down its benefits of virtual memory.

9) What do you mean by bus arbitration?

10) prepare down the name and the purpose of widely used bus standard.

11)(a)(i) describe the function of system software to improve performance of a computer.

(ii) Draw a 4-bit adder/subtracter circuit by using full adders and describe its function in detail.

(b)(i) What are the special registers in a typical computer? Describe their purposes in detail.

(ii) Draw a 4-bit fast adder and describe its function in detail.

12)(a)(i) Design and describe the block diagram of the complete processor.

(ii) Briefly describe the design of hardwired control unit.