The operating system is generally idling until it takes control when an interrupt occurs. A second way the operating system takes control is when an application program issues a __ 

3. The PCI bus is used to interconnect the ????? with various I/O modules that control various serial and parallel ports. 

4.What is the value of the following signed integer? 1001 1011

5.Decode the following ASCII encoded word x41 x4A x41 x58

6.An instruction that only the operating system can execute is called a____________ instruction. 

7.What is the value of the following 64 bit1's complement number

1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1000

8.What technique is being utilized when a second instruction cycle is initiated before the previous instruction has completed.

9.What is activity must occur to preserve the information stored in a dynamic memory device?

10. Today's computers are based on binary numbering. The ENIAC was the first and only digital computer based on hexadecimal, octal, decimal or binary arithmetic? Pick one answer.

11.What is the value of the following base 4 number 122

12. How many characters and symbols can be encoded if you have a 7 bit word?

13.In a monochrome bitmap how many bits are needed to stored the color of a pixel. 

14. .PNG files tend to be much larger than jpeg. Why? (Two words should answer this problem) Jpeg is a compressed file and not as many pixels.

15. Is this unsigned integer 1000 1001 a negative or positive number?

16.prepare the LMC instruction (in decimal format) that Stores the contents of the accumulator at address location 11.

17.Which component of the control unit supervises the fetching of instructions and data from memory?

18.What technique allows you bypass the CPU when transferring data from main memory to an I/O device.

19.An interrupt in which the address of the interrupting device is included in the interrupt is called a ______________interrupt.

20. In the storage hierarchy, what was the slowest storage element or device used with the IBM 360 during the 1960's and 70's?

21.If you have a true color display uses 8 bits for the intensity of each primary color. How many colors can you create.

22.What is a thread?

23.What is an Inter process message service

24.What OS service maintains a queue of waiting programs

25. If a CPU receives an interrupt which does not include the address of the interrupting device it must use what technique to discover the address
of the device.