Problem

1. Check a guage of your choice (e.g., Pascal or C++) to see if it allows expressions to be passed by reference. Specify in what cases (if any) this is allowed and provide a concise justification of the behavior. In cases where it does not (if any), write (and run) simple programs which demonstrate the reason.

2. Provide a full description of a SIMPLESEM implementation of call by value.

3. Provide a full description of a SIMPLESEM implementation of call by result. Note that the semantics can be different if the address of the actual result parameter is evaluated at the point of call or at the return point. Why? Show an example where the effect would be different.