1. (TCO 2) describe what physical independence means. 

2. (TCO 3) describe data redundancy, and what it sets the stage for. 

3. (TCO 7) Give the appropriate situation in which to use each of the following join keywords: NATURAL JOIN, JOIN...USING, and JOIN...ON. 

4. (TCO 8) In using group functions we cannot place a group function in a WHERE clause. describe how the WHERE clause and HAVING clause are similar and why you can use the HAVING with a group function but not a WHERE clause. 

5. (TCO 6) prepare a basic syntax of the ALTER command to add a column named cell_number with a data type of number and a length of 10 to a table named customer. 

1. (TCO 7) For every order, list the order number, order date, part number, part description, and item class for each part that makes up the order. 

2. (TCO 8) prepare a query to determine the cost of the least expensive part in the part table? Format the returned price in dollars and cents using the correct function. Your result set should have only one amount in it. 

3. (TCO 8) prepare a sub query that will list the part number, part description, and units on hand of all parts where the number of units on hand is greater than the average of units on hand for all parts. 

4. (TCO 7) Using the BETWEEN operator, prepare a query that will list all details about all orders that were placed during the period of September 3rd thru September 5th of 1998.

5. (TCO 7) Using a NATURAL JOIN method, prepare a query that will list the customer number, last name, and first name for every customer who currently has an order on file for an iron.