1) prepare down the number of keys that are needed for two people to communicate via a cipher?

2) What are the two approaches to attacking a cipher?

3) describe Substitution and Transposition techniques.

4) What do you mean by Fermat Theorem.

5) describe Euler’s totient function or phi function and their applications in detail.

6) Define Euler’s theorem and its application.

7) prepare down the properties of Euler’s phi.

8) What is the difference between diffusion and confusion?

9) prepare down the advantage and disadvantage of one time pad encryption algorithm?

10) prepare down the properties of Congruences.

11) Determine gcd (56, 86) using Euclid’s algorithm.