problem1. In brief describe the purpose of synchronization and timing network in telecommunication network.

problem2. describe the hierarchy of clocks which is employed in TDM communication networks.

problem3. In brief describe the difference between the following data streams:

a. Synchronous streams

b. Asynchronous streams

c. Isochronous streams

d. Plesiochronous streams

problem4. The minimum and maximum jitter observed in a 32-channel PCM signal is 463 ns and 512 ns respectively. Express the jitter variation in terms of signal Unit Interval (UI). Is jitter level as per ITU-T G 811 standard requirements?

problem5. describe the Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) protocol.

problem6. Different ATM Adaptation Layers (AALs) are defined for supporting different types of traffic or broadband services. Name the various types of traffic and associated typical services which are related to various adaptation layers.

problem7. Describe the limitations of copper-based broadband access technologies.

problem8. What is the dissimilarity between far end and near end crosstalk on copper pairs? Which DSL technology is most affected by crosstalk?

problem9. Describe how vector DSL technology can support higher data transmission rate using copper pairs. Which type of noise can’t be eliminated by vector DSL?

problem10. In brief describe the framing structure of ADSL technology.