Create an inheritance hierarchy that a bank might use to represent customer's bank accounts. All customers at this bank can deposit money into their accounts and withdraw money from their accounts. More specific types of accounts also exist. Saving accounts, for instance, earn interest on the money they hold. Checking accounts, on the other hand, charge a fee per transaction.
Create an inheritance hierarchy containing base class Account and derived classes SavingAccount and CheckingAccount that inherit from class Account. Base class Account should include one data member of type double to represent account balance. The class should include a constructor that receives an initial balance and uses it to initialize the data member. The constructor should validate the initial balance to ensure that it is greater than or equal to 0.0. if not, the balance should be set to 0.0 and the constructor should display error message, indicating that the initial balance is invalid. The class should provide three member functions. Member function credit should add an amount to the current balance. Member function debit should withdraw money from the Account and ensure that the debit amount does not exceed the Account's balance. If it does, the balance should be left unchanged and the function should print the message "debit amount exceeded account balance". Member function getBalance should return the current balance.
Derived class SavingAccount should inherit the functionality of an Account, but also include a data member of type double indicating the interest rate assigned to the Account. SavingAccount's constructor should receive the initial balance, as well as an initial value for the SavingAccount's interest rate. SavingAccount should provide a public member function calculateInterest that returns a double indicating the amount of interest earned by an account. Member function calculateInterset should determine this amount by multiplying the interest rate by the account balance.
Derived class CheckingAccount should inherit from base class Account and include an additional data member of type double that represents the fee charged per transaction. CheckingAccount's constructor should receive the initial balance, as well as a parameter indicating a fee amount. Class CheckingAccount should redefine member functions credit and debit so that they subtract the fee from the account balance whenever either transaction is performed successfully. CheckingAccount's versions of these functions should invoke the base class Account version to perform the updates to an account balance. CheckingAccount's debit function should charge a fee only if money is actually withdrawn (i.e., the debit amount does not exceed the account balance). [hint: define Account's debit function so that it returns a bool indicating whether money was withdraw. Then use the return value to determine whether a fee should be charged.]
After defining the classes in this hierarchy, write a program that creates objects of each class and tests their member functions. Add interest to SavingAccount object by first invoking its calculateInterest function, then passing the returned interest amount to the object's credit function.