Problem: IT GOVERNANCE AT UNIVERSITY OF THE SOUTHEAST

University of the Southeast was one of the largest universities in the United States. It has been growing rapidly and that growth was spurred, in part, by information technology. The University embraced lecture capture technologies that allowed lectures to be streamed to students in a classroom, in dorm rooms, on the grass near the main campus' central fountain, and at a variety of other places of the students' choosing whenever they chose to watch. This made it possible to have sections of classes with over 1,000 students without having to build physical classrooms with enough seats to accommodate each person enrolled. It also made it possible to offer classes that were streamed to students at remote campuses. Each student was charged a technology fee (i.e., $5.16 for undergraduates and $13.85 for graduates per credit hour each semester) which was administered by the Information Technologies and Resources (IT&R) Office to help fund the costs of providing IT to students and faculty. IT&R was responsible for providing computer services, technologies and telecommunications across the campus (Computer Services and Technology), helping faculty with their instructional delivery and multimedia support (Office of Instructional Resources), helping faculty develop and deliver Web-based and lecture capture courses (Center for Distributed Learning) and the library.

The IT&R Office developed IT-related policies with very little input from the faculty and was responsible for deciding and implementing decisions concerning IT architecture and infrastructure. IT&R worked with the President and other top administrators in making IT investment decisions. IT&R staff also worked with the various colleges and administrative offices and an advisory board in making decisions about applications that need to be developed. However, faculty was not consulted at all when the lecture capture system was selected. As was often the case at large universities, many decision rights on a wide range of issues had been allocated to the colleges. The College of Business Administration had its own server and Technology Support Department (TSD). A recent survey of faculty and staff in the College indicated a high level of satisfaction with the college TSD, but far less satisfaction with the services provided by the university-level IT&R. Some College respondents indicated their displeasure about IT&R's support of the technology for the lecture capture courses, help desk and classroom technologies. The problems with the technology support for lecture capture software were particularly troublesome. The software would not authenticate students who had paid to enroll in some lecture capture courses, making it impossible for them to download the lectures even though they were registered in the course.

Further, some university-affiliated housing did not have adequate network bandwidth to allow students to download the lectures. When problems occurred- which they did on a daily basis-the IT&R Help Desk often referred the students to instructors who could not resolve their problems. One faculty who was teaching a lecture class with 1,400 students exclaimed, "It is utter chaos for me when something goes wrong with the system and hundreds of my students are trying to call, see or email me in panic to get me to fix something that I can't fix." Recently, the CIO argued that all email accounts should be placed on one central server. This would allow the IT&R greater control and make maintenance easier and more efficient. It also would considerably improve security. But it was not ideal for the faculty. A faculty meeting about email revealed some concerns with this move. First, faculty wanted emails sent to the central university server forwarded to their accounts on their other university-based servers (i.e., the college, department, or institute servers), but found it was impossible to do so. Second, faculty wanted to retain their control over archiving emails.

Third, faculty wanted to have control over their preferred e-mail address. In some cases, the faculty email addresses that they had used for a decade had been changed in the printed university directory to the email address on the central university server without their knowledge. This meant that they did not receive (or even know about) messages sent to them via the address on the university server. They could not change the printed email address in the university directory to the address on the College server that they had been using, nor forward the mail sent to the central server to a different account. The IT&R spokesman said that having a centralized server for email accounts was more secure, reliable and efficient. He said that faculty shouldn't have control over their preferred email address, even if it were on a campus server, because of the identity management problems that it would create. A frustrated faculty member at the meeting asked the IT&R spokesman to describe one time when issues about ease of use and functionality of the system by the user were weighted more highly than security in decisions about email. The IT&R spokesman could not think of an example.

Discussion Questions

1. Describe the IT governance system currently in place at the University of the Southeast using both decision rights and structure as the bases of governance.

2. The CIO wants to implement a centralized IT governance system. As demonstrated by the case above what are the advantages of a centralized IT governance system? What are the disadvantages?

3. In your opinion, what assignment of decision rights would be best for University of the Southeast? Please explain.