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CLARKSON LUMBER - Assignment 1

"Keith Clarkson, sole owner and president of the Clarkson Lumber Company, has received a number of informal inquiries from large, nationally-recognized building materials distributors about purchasing his company. Although Clarkson relishes operating his own business the would be interested if an attractive offer were received. Unfortunately, Mr. Clarkson is unsure how much his company is worth so he turns to you for guidance.

Your end goal is to value Clarkson Lumber operations at the beginning of 1996 (i.e. at the end of 1995) assuming the firm will obtain a credit line at Northwestern National Bank sufficiently large to take advantage of discounts on purchases for paying within 10 days of invoice, thus increasing operating profit margins.

With higher mark-ups and continued operating expense controls, Clarkson projects a steady operating profit margin of 6% by 2000. Margins and investment requirements will also stabilize in relation to sales growth. Relevant projection inputs are in the table below and the discount rate is 11.5%.

Note that the forecast ratios already include the benefit the of the 2% trade discounts.

For simplicity, use a tax rate of 35% throughout the projections.

Make whatever other reasonable assumptions are necessary to complete your analysis and explain the rationale for each."

Projection Assumptions avg 93-95 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
Sales   5,500              
Sales growth rate 24.5% 21.7% 20% 15% 10% 5% 5% 5% 5%
CGS/Sales 75.6% 75.0% 74.0% 74.0% 74.0% 74.0% 74.0% 74.0% 74.0%
Op Exp/Sales 20.9% 20.4% 20.0% 20.0% 20.0% 20.0% 20.0% 20.0% 20.0%
OPM 3.5% 4.6% 6.0% 6.0% 6.0% 6.0% 6.0% 6.0% 6.0%
Tax rate 20.5% 35% 35% 35% 35% 35% 35% 35% 35%
                   
AR DOH (= AR/daily sales) 43.4 43.4 43.4 43.4 43.4 43.4 43.4 43.4 43.4
Inv DOH (=inventory/daily COGS) 59.4 59.4 59.4 59.4 59.4 59.4 59.4 59.4 59.4
NFATO (@Sales) (= sales/NFA) 12.5 12.5 12.5 12.5 12.5 12.5 12.5 12.5 12.5
AP DOH (AP/daily purchases) 39.7 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
Acc Exp/Sales 1.46% 1.46% 1.46% 1.46% 1.46% 1.46% 1.46% 1.46% 1.46%

CLARKSON LUMBER - Assignment 2 (optional)

Following what was done in assignment 1 (see the solution above in this file), and going back to Clarkson Lumber balance sheet:

1 - Identify and value the non-operating assets of the firm as of 1995

2 - List and value the debt items of the firm as of 1995

3 - What is Mr. Clarkson' equity interest worth?

Exhibit 1: Operating Expenses for Years Ending December 31, 1993-1995, and for First Quarter 1996  (thousands of dollars)

    1993 1994 1995 1st Quarter 1996
Net sales $2,921 $3,477 $4,519 $1,062
Cost of Goods Sold:




Beginning inventory 330 337 432 587

Purchases 2,209 2,729 3,579 819


$2,539 $3,066 $4,011 $1,406

Ending inventory 337 432 587 607
Total Cost of Goods Sold $2,202 $2,634 $3,424 $799
Gross profit 719 843 1,095 263
Operating expensesb 622 717 940 244
Earnings before interest and taxes $97 $126 $155 $19
Interest expense 23 42 56 13
Net income before income taxes $74 $84 $99 $6
Provision for income taxesc 14 16 22 1
Net income $60 $68 $77 $5

In the first quarter of 1995, sales were $903,000 and net income was $7,000.

Operating expenses include a cash salary for Mr. Clarkson of $75,000 in 1993; $80,000 in 1994;  $85,000 in 1995; and $22,500 in the first quarter of 1996.

Clarkson Lumber was required to estimate its income tax liability for the current tax year and pay four quarterly estimated tax installments during that year. The first $50,000 of pretax profits were taxed at a 15% rate; the next $25,000 were taxed at a 25% rate; the next $25,000 were taxed at a 34% rate; and profits in excess of $100,000 but less than $335,000 were taxed at a 39% rate.

Exhibit 2 Balance Sheets at December 31, 1993-1995, and March 31, 1996 (thousands of dollars)

    1993 1994 1995 1st Quarter 1996
Cash $43 $52 $56 $53
Accounts receivable, net 306 411 606 583
Inventory 337 432 587 607

Current assets $686 $895 $1,249 $1,243
Property, net 233 262 388 384

Total Assets $919 $1,157 $1,637 $1,627






Notes payable, banka $    -- 60 390 399
Note payable to Holtz, current portionb -- 100 100 100
Notes payable, trade  -- -- 127 123
Accounts payable 213 340 376 364
Accrued expenses 42 45 75 67
Term loan, current portionc 20 20 20 20

Current liabilities $275 $565 $1,088 $1,073
Term loanc 140 120 100 100
Note payable, Mr. Holtzb -- 100 0 0

Total Liabilities $415 $785 $1,188 $1,173
Net worth 504 372 449 454

Total Liabilities and Net Worth $919 $1,157 $1,637 $1,627

Interest is computed on the average outstanding loan balance at the rate of prime plus 2 1/2%.

Interest is fixed at 11% times the outstanding balance.

Interest is fixed at 10.0% times the outstanding balance; the term loan is secured by the fixed assets and is repayable in semiannual installments of $10,000.

Attachment:- clarkson case - optional assignment.xlsx

Management Theories, Management Studies

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