1) Charles Darwin

studied to become a doctor.
is identified with the concept of natural selection.
lived in New England..
followed his avocation as a sailor.

2) The word evolution, as used in biology, literally means

genetic change.
natural selection.
divergence.
genetic drift.

3) Microevolution is the result of all of the following EXCEPT

chance variation.
mutation.
large scale patterns or trends.
change in gene frequency.

4) Natural selection operates to produce changes in

phyla.
populations.
races.
individuals.

5) The trait of connected earlobes is considered a

beneficial trait.
neutral trait.
harmful trait.
dominant trait.

6) The great apes and first hominids arose from a common ancestor approximately ____ years ago.

5 million
7 million
1 million
100,000

7) The total number of individuals in a given area of habitat is the

population growth.
population density.
population birth rate.
population size.

8) The rate of increase for a population refers to what kind of relationship between birth rate and death rate?

the doubling time between them
their sum
the difference between them
their sum

9) The growth rate

is controlled by the frequency of assisted reproduction.
does not vary from one species to another.
is controlled best through non-biological mechanisms.
is controlled by the number of offspring produced.

10) Fresh water and forests may be tapped indefinitely as long as they're replenished. They are classified as

renewable resources.
biogeographical resources.
nonrenewable resources.
ecological sources.

11) In brown air fog, which substance combines with nitrogen dioxide in the sunlight to form photochemical smog?

water vapor
hydrocarbons
sulfuric acid
carbon monoxide

12) Which gasses are considered "greenhouse gasses"?

carbon dioxide
ozone
nitrous oxide
all of these

13) A benefit of global warming includes

farming in areas that were too cold in the past.
more open shipping channels in the Arctic.
commercial fishing in the Arctic ocean.
all of these

14) Serious detrimental affects of global warming include

intense rains and flooding.
more frequent and intense droughts.
the disappearance of glaciers thus wiping out some fresh water supplies.
all of these

15) The primary cause of desertification in the world today is

clearing and degradation of tropical forests.
overgrazing of marginal lands.
herbicide and fertilizer runoff.
increased salinity resulting from irrigation practices.