An antenna is fundamentally a transmission line that transforms electrical energy into electromagnetic energy. The length of this line is inversely proportional to the transmission frequency. Therefore, as new wireless applications move up in frequency, their antennas correspondingly shrink in size. The gain of the antenna however is depending to a large extent on its physical size. New antennas therefore concentrate on volumetric efficiency.
This Thesis involves:-
1. Chapter 1: Project overview
- Introduction
- Motivation
- Objective
- Organization of thesis (Chapter Wise)
2. Chapter 2: Log Periodic Dipole antenna Theory and Characteristics
- Introduction
- Principles and frequency in independent antennas.
- Angle specific antennas
- Self complementary configurations
- Log periodic toothed planner antenna
- Definition of Log Periodic Antenna
- Log periodic antenna; design parameters
- Principles of operations of Log Periodic antennas
- Log periodic dipole array main regions of operations
- Transmission line region
- Active region
- Applications of log-periodic antennas
- Summary
3. Chapter 3:- LPDA design approach
- Introduction
- Design of dipole array
- Specifications
- Design equations
- Design procedure
- Feeding of the Log periodic antenna
- Designing for given input independence
- Far field patterns of Log-periodic antenna
- Generalization of far field of the antenna
- Summary
4. Chapter 4:- Transmission Line Matrix Simulation Program
- Introduction
- Transmission line matrix method
- Characterization of a 2-port microwave network
- Admittance matrix approach
- Transmission matrix representation
- Basic principles
- PCAAD software
- Summary
5. Chapter 5:- Simulated Results
- Introduction
- Log periodic Dipole Array Antenna Design using PCAAD
- Using MATLAB
6. Chapter 6:- conclusions and future scope of the project thesis.
LPLDA with good performance from the point of view of gain, bandwidth, beam width, etc., can be designed by optimizing its geometry. If the optimization is made by controlling 
(scale factor), 
(spacing factor), 
(subtended angle), zero offset, etc., higher gain, wider polarization or input impedance bandwidth are likely to be achieved.