Which of the following statements is true regarding layoffs in unionized organizations?

a. In most labor contracts, the highest paid employees are laid off first, with further layoffs made in accordance with performance levels as necessary.

b. Agreements specify age as the sole decision criterion in layoff and recall situations.

c. If the workforce is increased after a layoff, laid-off employees are to be recalled according to past performance levels for appropriate jobs.

d. In cases involving temporary or emergency layoffs, management is often given more flexibility in selecting employees than in indefinite layoffs.