1. The observed acceleration of distant galaxies away from us is evidence for: 

a. an effective change in the force of gravity at large distances. 

b. the power of high velocity jets released by quasars and other active galactic nuclei. 

c. dark energy being the primary component of the universe. 

d. dark matter being the primary component of the universe

2. Which of the following can be used to study the processes occurring in the core of the sun?

a.The granulation pattern on the sun's surface

b.Neutrinos produced inside the sun 

c. The details of the sun's magnetic field

d.Photons that penetrate the sun's chromospheres

3. If the observed wavelength of light emitted by an object is shorter than when that object is at rest, then:

a. the object is moving away from the observer.

b. the object is moving towards the observer. 

c. the object is traveling at a rate greater than the speed of light. 

d. the object is emitting light less frequently than when it is at rest.