What is the categorical imperative? What role does it play in Kant’s moral theory? What are its various forms? How does it relate to human reason? Provide an illustration of how it could be used in determining what action or decision is morally right. (Come up with an example NOT provided by Kant himself.)

Virtue ethics is quite different from both Utilitarianism and Deontology, for one thing because virtue ethics provides no moral “principles”. If virtue ethics provides no such principles for right moral behavior, how does it recommend that we make moral decisions? What role does reason play? What else is involved? (You should include and explain all those things within virtue ethics that are relevant for creating a moral life – habits, reason, emotions, or whatever else might be relevant.)

What does Nietzsche mean when he describes the people in his culture as being herd-like?

What are the characteristics of those who are herd-like? What are their favored forms of morality and how do to these forms reinforce the herd? And how does democracy contribute to the “diminution of man”, does he say? And what does he mean by this?