1. Though most people believe that their personalities change more with age than they actually do, personality changes in middle adulthood is possible. According to cross-sectional studies on the topic, what is the most likely mechanism behind this? (Points :1)
A decline in achievement striving, independence, assertiveness, and individualism 
An increase in prosocial behavior and positive emotionality 
A decline in tenacious goal pursuit and negative emotionality 
An increased ability to maintain control of one's emotions in a variety of situations 

2. Considering what studies reveal about personality and how it can affect development, which of the following is true? (Points :1)
Personality changes significantly from adolescence through adulthood 
Negative emotional traits in adolescence strongly predict less-than-optimal mental health status in earlier adulthood and middle age 
There is no link between early personality traits and poor mental health in adulthood 
The effects on mental health change as personality changes 

3. Lynda is a 67-year-old woman. She is college educated, has 3 children, and has been married to the same man for 45 years. She has an optimistic view of herself and her life. Which of these factors is likely to do the most toward protecting her from the long-term effects of serious health risks in old age? (Points :1)
Her college education 
The fact that she had children 
Her stable marriage 
Her optimistic perspective