The Madoff empire could not have lasted as long as it did without complicity from employees. Mr. Madoff's second-in-command, Frank DiPascali, who entered a guilty plea, told the federal judge, I'm standing here to say that from the early 1990s until December 2008, I helped Bernie Madoff and other people carry out a fraud. I knew no trades were happening. I knew what I was doing was criminal. But I did it anyway. Mr. DiPascali's compensation was $2 million per year. He had not completed college at the time Mr. Madoff hired him in the early years of the firm. What might have helped Mr. DiPascali resist the temptation to participate in the fraud?