Supplier. The retailer’s demand over an 8-week period was 100 units each of the first 2 weeks, 200 units each of the second 2 weeks, 300 units each of the third 2 weeks, and 400 units each of the fourth 2 weeks. The following table presents the orders placed by each firm in the supply chain. Notice, as is often the case in supply chains due to economies of scale, that total units are the same in each case, but firms further up the supply chain (away from the retailer) place larger, less frequent, orders.

WEEK RETAILER MANUFACTURER SUPPLIER

1            100                     200                600

2            100

3            200                    400

4            200

5           300                     600                  1400

6         300

7          400                       800

8          400

Recall that the sample variance of a data set can be found by using the VAR.S function in Excel. PLEASE SHOW ALL WORK.

a) What is the bullwhip measure for the retailer?

b) What is the bullwhip measure for the manufacturer?

c) What is the bullwhip measure for the supplier?

d) What conclusions can you draw regarding the impact that economies of scale may have on the bullwhip effect?