Social Psychology
Q. Helping others can be dangerous. How can evolutionary psychologists and ethologists still consider prosocial behavior to be adaptive?
- None of these. Prosocial behavior is not adaptive.
- By thinking about the survival of genes, rather than survival of individuals (2)
- By realizing that animals engage in dangerous helping because they have not evolved sufficient intelligence to be safer
Q. When dealing with ingroup members, how does culture influence helping behavior?
- When it comes to ingroup members, there are no cultural differences in helping.
- Members of collectivist societies are more less to help strangers than are members of individualist societies (2)
- Members of collectivist societies are more likely to be influenced by the norm of reciprocity than members of individualist societies.
Q. Darley and Latane attempted to recreate the psychological conditions that were present during the Kitty Genovese case. What was the setting for this famous study?
- A discussion taking place over an intercom
- A lab room with smoke coming in through a vent
Q. The person who sees someone in pain and seeks to comfort them is showing _____, while the person who sees someone in pain and makes a big scene about how awful it is to see someone in pain is showing _____.
- altruism, arousal
- empathy, personal distress
- good mood effect; negative state relief
Q. Latane and Rodin staged an accident, wherein participants thought they heard a lab assistant fall and injure herself. What phenomenon were they investigating?
- Social responsibility
- Reciprocal altruism
- Audience inhibition
Q. Which groups of people are most likely to endorse the norm of social justice?
- Conservatives and individualists
- Liberals and individualists
- Conservatives and collectivists
Q. Which of the following is not a feature of societies where reciprocal helping is likely to develop?
- Social group living
- Lack of rigid dominance hierarchies
- Mutual dependence
Q. In the arousal: cost-reward model, what situation poses the most difficulty for bystanders?
- Cost of helping and cost of not helping are both low
- Cost of helping is high, cost of not helping is low
- Cost of helping and cost of not helping are both high
Q. Stress from receiving help is associated with a violation of what norm?
- Reciprocity
- Social justice
- Social responsibility
Q. why do people experience guilt and shame when they receive help that they cannot repay?
- The costs of helping exceeded the benefits.
- They feel that there is diffusion of responsibility.
- Their personal distress is high.
Q. What explanation is given for the finding that seeing an adult act in a hypocritical way-preaching prosocial behavior while being selfish-can still cause children to become more prosocial over time?
- Outcome dependence
- Diffusion of responsibility
- The sleeper effect