Sleep Problems Tied to Type 2 Diabetes Researchers report that women with sleeping difficulties are at increased risk for Type 2 diabetes. Scientists used data from 133,353 women who were generally healthy at the start of the study. During 10 years of follow-up, they found 6,407 cases of Type 2 diabetes. The researchers looked at four sleep problems: self-reported difficulty falling or staying asleep, frequent snoring, sleep duration of less than six hours & either sleep apnea or rotating shift work. Self-reported difficulty sleeping was associated with higher B.M.I., less physical activity, and more hypertension and depression. But even after adjusting for these and other health and behavioral characteristics, sleeping difficulty was still associated with a 22 percent increased risk for Type 2 diabetes. Compared to women with no sleep problems, those with two of the sleep conditions studied had double the risk, and those with all four had almost four times the risk of developing the illness. The senior author, Dr. Frank B. Hu, a professor of nutrition and epidemiology at Harvard, said that sleep problems are associated with excess secretion of two hormones: ghrelin, which increases appetite, and cortisol, which increases stress and insulin resistance. Both are linked to metabolic problems that increase the risk for diabetes. “And,” he added, “it’s not just quantity of sleep, but quality as well” that is associated with these health risks.
QUESTIONS 1. State the key problem statement(s) of the study (use bullets - no more than half a page)
2. List the hypothesis(es) in this study
3. List the independent variables in this study (use bullets and describe the variables)
4. List the dependent variables in this study (use bullets and describe the variables)
5. List the control variables in this study (use bullets and describe the variables)
6. List possible benefits of analytics for this study (Hint: Analytics are what you did to test the hypotheses in your project)(use bullets – no more than a page)
7. List 2 examples of analytics you could do in this study - be specific in terms of the variables that you want to analyze in the study (use bullets – no more than a page)
8. Discuss causality vs. correlation in the study in context (use bullets – no more than half a page)