Short Answer 1

Read the descriptions of research studies below. Indicate the type of qualitative study and provide a 2- to 3-sentence rationale for your selection. Choose from the following types of qualitative research:

• Phenomenological study

• Case study

• Ethnographic study

• Narrative analysis

Study A

A researcher decides to compare an early reading lesson in a public school that starts reading instruction in kindergarten with a reading lesson in a Waldorf school that begins reading instruction in second grade. She carefully notes her observations of each teacher's methods and materials along with the students' questions and learning.

Study B

A group of researchers observe play periods at a school as a way to address the concept of how teachers can balance the need to provide adult guidance with the need to allow child independence. The researchers initially set aside their own beliefs and attitudes about discipline, freedom, and play, and thencollect data. They analyze the data from the points of views of both teachers and children and gradually cluster themes in order to identify the essential issues.

Study C

A researcher uncovers the autobiography of a kindergarten teacher from the early 20thcentury and analyzes this document in order to identify common themes related to the teacher's professional concerns.

Study D

A researcher is studying the cultural attitudes of recent immigrant groups to the United States and how these attitudes affect female students in early childhood. The researcher focuses on immigrants from Romania and researches and analyzes their traditions, beliefs, and cultural practices in many areas as a lens through which to interpret parental attitudes toward, and children's experiences of, American early childhood education.

Short Answer 2

What is a grounded theory study? (1-2 paragraphs).

Short Answer 3

Describe at least five characteristics of good qualitative research and explain why each characteristic is important. Your response should be 3-5 paragraphs in length.

Short Answer 4

Which of the following is an example of a semi-experimental study?Provide a rationale for your choice.

Study A:

A researcher wants to study the effects of napping on preschooler behavior. The researcher has access to teachers at a number of preschools where most students take a daily nap, but students are allowed to opt out and play quietly during naptime if they wish. The researcher asks the students' teachers to rate the students' behavior after naptime on a number of scales to determine if those who nap have fewer behavior problems in the afternoon than those who do not nap.

Study B:

A researcher hypothesizes that a particular behavioral management system will reduce the amount of time preschool teachers must spend dealing with student behavior problems. From the 32 preschools in a city, the researcher randomly selects three. Half of the teachers in the school are trained on how to use the new behavior management system and half are not. The researcher thenquantifies the amount of time each group of teachers spends dealing with behavior problems and determines that the management system reduces time spent by 28%.

Study C:

A researcher has access to a small group of preschoolers who have been identified as having mild to moderate anxiety disorders and whose parents and teachers are open to new methods to help these children cope with anxiety-producing situations. The researcher trains the teachers in the implementation of an intervention for reducing the students' anxiety and then rates the students' anxiety on a known scale after implementation has been underway in the classroom for 3months.

Short Answer 5

Define the concepts of correlation and causation and explain how they are different.Explain the significance of these concepts within the context of research.

Short Answer 6

Identify at least five characteristics of good quantitative research and explain the importance of each. Your response should be 3-5 paragraphs in length.

Short Answer 7

Explain the differences among dependent, independent, and extraneous variables.

Short Answer 8

Define mixed methods research and explain its applications and benefits. Your response should be 1-3 paragraphs in length.

Attachment:- Quantitative Designs.rar